Reserve Bank of India – Press Releases

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The rate of interest on Government of India Floating Rate Bonds, 2031 (GOI FRB 2031) applicable for the half year June 7, 2021 to December 6, 2021 shall be 4.59 percent per annum.

It may be recalled that FRB, 2031 will carry a coupon, which will have a base rate equivalent to the Weighted Average Yield (WAY) of last 3 auctions (from the rate fixing day i.e. June 7, 2021) of 182 Day T-Bills, plus a fixed spread (1%). The Weighted average yields will be computed by reckoning 365 days in a year.

Ajit Prasad
Director   

Press Release: 2021-2022/325

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SBI Chennai circle gets new CGM

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R Radhakrishna has taken charge as the new Chief General Manager of State Bank of India, Chennai circle.

Before his elevation as CGM, Radhakrishna served as GM, CCGRO (Commercial Clients Group Regional Office), in Bengaluru. The Chennai circle of the SBI has 1,248 bank branches under its jurisdiction across Tamil Nadu and Puducherry.

He joined the bank as Probationary Officer in 1987, and held various assignments in retail operations, HR and corporate credit. He has more than 33 years of experience in banking with more than 10 years of experience in high value credit, according to a statement.

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Reserve Bank of India – Tenders

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Reserve Bank of India, Kanpur invites e-tender for ‘Renovation (Civil & Interior) of DNBS (DOS) at 1st floor, MOB, RBI Kanpur’

The e-tendering shall be done through the e-tendering portal of MSTC Ltd (http://mstcecommerce.com/eprochome/rbi). All eligible and interested companies / agencies / firms must register themselves with MSTC Ltd through the above-mentioned website to participate in the e-tendering process. The Schedule of e-tender is as follows:

E-Tender No. RBI/Kanpur/Estate/469/20-21/ET/719
a) Estimated cost ₹29,79,000/- (Rupees Twenty-Nine Lakhs Seventy-Nine Thousand only) (Including GST @18%)
b) Mode of e-tender e-Procurement System (Online Part I – Techno-Commercial Bid and Part II – Price Bid through www.mstcecommerce.com/eprochome/rbi
c) Type of e-tender Limited (Only for firms empaneled with RBI, Kanpur under 20 Lakh to 50 Lakh category of Civil Works)
d) Date of NIT available to parties to download June 04, 2021 from 05.00 PM
e) Pre-bid meeting (Offline) July 02, 2021 at 11.00 AM
Venue: Estate Department, 2nd Floor, Reserve Bank of India, Mall Road, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208001
f) EMD through NEFT and upload the details on the MSTC portal. Also intimate / forward the transaction details (UTR number) to brijesh@rbi.org.in and / or estatekanpur@rbi.org.in ₹ 59,580/- (Rupees Fifty-Nine Thousand Five Hundred Eighty only) paid through NEFT / Net banking to A/c No. 186003001, IFSC RBIS0KNPA01 (See Annexure- V)
g) E-Tender Fees NIL
h) Date of Starting of e-tender for submission of on-line Techno-Commercial Bid and price Bid at http://mstcecommerce.com/eprochome/rbi July 02, 2021 from 01.00 PM
i) Last date of submission of EMD July 12, 2021 till 01.00 PM
j) Date of closing of online e-tender for submission of Techno-Commercial Bid & Price Bid. July 12, 2021 till 01.00 PM
k) Date & time of opening of Part-I (i.e. Techno-Commercial Bid)
Date of opening of Part II i.e. price bid shall be informed separately
July 12, 2021 from 03.30 PM
l) Validity of the e-tender 90 days from the date of opening of Techno–Commercial bid
m) Transaction Fee (Non-refundable) (To be paid separately by the tenderers to MSTC vide MSTC E-Payment Gateway for participating in the e-tender) ₹ 1,758/- (incl. GST @18%)

2. Intending tenderers shall pay a sum of ₹59,580/- (Rupees Fifty-Nine Thousand Five Hundred Eighty only) as earnest money through NEFT to Reserve Bank of India, Kanpur.

3. Applicants intending to apply will have to satisfy the Bank by furnishing documentary evidence in support of their possessing required eligibility and in the event of their failure to do so, the Bank reserves the right to reject their bids. E-tenders without EMD will not be accepted under any circumstances.

4. The Bank is not bound to accept the lowest tender and reserves the right to accept either in full or in part any tender. The Bank also reserves the right to reject all the tenders without assigning any reason thereof.

5. Any amendments / corrigendum to the tender, if any, issued in future will only be notified on the RBI Website and MSTC Website as given above and will not be published in the newspaper.

Regional Director
Reserve Bank of India
Kanpur

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Reserve Bank of India – Press Releases

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1. Reserve Bank of India – Liabilities and Assets*
(₹ Crore)
Item 2020 2021 Variation
May 29 May 21 May 28 Week Year
1 2 3 4 5
4 Loans and Advances          
4.1 Central Government
4.2 State Governments 7187 2656 6473 3817 -714
* Data are provisional.

2. Foreign Exchange Reserves
Item As on May 28, 2021 Variation over
Week End-March 2021 Year
₹ Cr. US$ Mn. ₹ Cr. US$ Mn. ₹ Cr. US$ Mn. ₹ Cr. US$ Mn.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Total Reserves 4333464 598165 14647 5271 114512 21181 601872 104685
1.1 Foreign Currency Assets 4010076 553529 14584 5010 85908 16835 567891 98320
1.2 Gold 276061 38106 422 265 28338 4226 28930 5424
1.3 SDRs 10975 1515 -45 2 111 29 149 83
1.4 Reserve Position in the IMF 36352 5016 -314 -5 153 91 4902 858
*Difference, if any, is due to rounding off
4. Scheduled Commercial Banks – Business in India
(₹ Crore)
Item Outstanding as on May. 21, 2021 Variation over
Fortnight Financial year so far Year-on-year
2020-21 2021-22 2020 2021
1 2 3 4 5 6
2 Liabilities to Others            
2.1 Aggregate Deposits 15166808 -50058 262423 53280 1330357 1336894
2.1a Growth (Per cent)   –0.3 1.9 0.4 10.6 9.7
2.1.1 Demand 1694752 -25017 -172096 -166457 131818 249845
2.1.2 Time 13472056 -25041 434519 219737 1198539 1087049
2.2 Borrowings 244661 5773 -18650 636 -67020 -46128
2.3 Other Demand and Time Liabilities 563200 -14704 -84761 -93414 34521 44285
7 Bank Credit 10833589 -36399 -148108 -115923 601208 610835
7.1a Growth (Per cent)   –0.3 –1.4 –1.1 6.2 6.0
7a.1 Food Credit 90663 5569 27652 29409 13694 11247
7a.2 Non-food credit 10742926 -41968 -175760 -145332 587514 599589

6. Money Stock: Components and Sources
(₹ Crore)
Item Outstanding as on Variation over
2021 Fortnight Financial Year so far Year-on-Year
2020-21 2021-22 2020 2021
Mar. 26 May 21 Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
M3 18773142 18933423 -27806 -0.1 430945 2.6 160281 0.9 1809831 11.7 1702515 9.9
1 Components (1.1.+1.2+1.3+1.4)                        
1.1 Currency with the Public 2757847 2862466 23145 0.8 163038 6.9 104618 3.8 395420 18.7 349679 13.9
1.2 Demand Deposits with Banks 1984261 1819170 -24360 -1.3 -172942 -10.0 -165091 –8.3 136998 9.6 254420 16.3
1.3 Time Deposits with Banks 13983686 14203336 -26147 -0.2 437828 3.5 219650 1.6 1264337 10.7 1091492 8.3
1.4 ‘Other’ Deposits with Reserve Bank 47347 48451 -445 -0.9 3021 7.8 1104 2.3 13076 46.0 6923 16.7
2 Sources (2.1+2.2+2.3+2.4-2.5)                        
2.1 Net Bank Credit to Government 5692569 5823113 -148360 -2.5 591230 11.9 130543 2.3 947185 20.6 271520 4.9
2.1.1 Reserve Bank 982063 1025199 -128203   273808   43136   386791   -240801  
2.1.2 Other Banks 4710506 4797914 -20157 -0.4 317422 8.0 87407 1.9 560394 15.0 512322 12.0
2.2 Bank Credit to Commercial Sector 11610050 11486691 -41912 -0.4 -164204 -1.5 -123360 –1.1 644781 6.3 612250 5.6
2.2.1 Reserve Bank 8524 1435 -4542   -7486   -7089   -3565   -4245  
2.2.2 Other Banks 11601526 11485256 -37370 -0.3 -156718 -1.4 -116270 –1.0 648346 6.3 616495 5.7

8. Liquidity Operations by RBI
(₹ Crore)
Date Liquidity Adjustment Facility MSF* Standing Liquidity Facilities Market Stabilisation Scheme OMO (Outright) Long Term Repo Opera tions& Targeted Long Term Repo Opera tions# Special Long- Term Repo Operations for Small Finance Banks Special Reverse Repo£ Net Injection (+)/ Absorption (-) (1+3+5+ 6+9+10+ 11+12-2-4-7-8-13)
Repo Reverse Repo* Variable Rate Repo Variable Rate Reverse Repo Sale Purchase
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
May 24, 2021 268354 0 -268354
May 25, 2021 228648 0 -228648
May 26, 2021 32800 1199 -31601
May 27, 2021 279695 22 -279673
May 28, 2021 295821 101 -295720
May 29, 2021 50789 5 -50784
May 30, 2021 891 80 -811
* Includes additional Reverse Repo and additional MSF operations (for the period December 16, 2019 to February 13, 2020)
# Includes Targeted Long Term Repo Operations (TLTRO) and Targeted Long Term Repo Operations 2.0 (TLTRO 2.0) and On Tap Targeted Long Term Repo Operations. Negative (-) sign indicates repayments done by Banks.
& Negative (-) sign indicates repayments done by Banks.
£ As per the Press Release: 2021-2022/177 dated May 07, 2021, as an additional incentive Banks are eligible to park their surplus liquidity up to the size of the COVID loan book under a special 14-day reverse repo window to be conducted on each reporting Friday at a rate which is 25 bps lower than the repo rate.

The above information can be accessed on Internet at https://wss.rbi.org.in/

The concepts and methodologies for WSS are available in Handbook on WSS (https://rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=15762).

Time series data are available at https://dbie.rbi.org.in

Ajit Prasad
Director   

Press Release: 2021-2022/324

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RBI doubles exposure threshold to ₹50 crore

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To expand the coverage of the Resolution Framework 2.0, the Reserve Bank of India on Friday announced a doubling of the maximum aggregate exposure to ₹50 crore.

“With a view to enabling a larger set of borrowers to avail of the benefits under Resolution Framework 2.0, it has been decided to expand the coverage of borrowers under the scheme by enhancing the maximum aggregate exposure threshold from ₹25-50 crore for MSMEs, non-MSME small businesses and loans to individuals for business purposes,” RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das said on Friday as part of the Monetary Policy Statement.

The Resolution Framework 2.0 was announced by the RBI on May 5 to help small borrowers tide over the impact of the second Covid-19 wave and State-level lockdowns.

“The above categories of borrowers to whom the lending institutions have aggregate exposure of not more than ₹50 crore as on March 31, 2021, and which have not been restructured earlier under any of the specified restructuring frameworks, shall be eligible for resolution under Resolution Framework 2.0,” said the Statement on Developmental and Regulatory Policies.

All other conditions will be the same. Banks were seeking an expansion in the aggregate exposure limit as it would help more borrowers. The expectation is that the higher limit will help a majority of such borrowers.

Welcome move

According to Subodh Rai, Chief Ratings Officer and Senior Director, CRISIL Ratings, almost two-thirds of the CRISIL-rated mid-size companies in the corporate sector (standard accounts as on March 31, 2021) now come under its ambit, compared with only half as per the previous threshold.

“Specifically, this will support companies with relatively weaker credit profiles,” he said.

 

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Reserve Bank of India – Press Releases

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(Amount in Crore of ₹)
  SCHEDULED COMMERCIAL BANKS
(Including RRBs and SFBs)
ALL SCHEDULED BANKS
22-May-20 07-MAY-2021 * 21-MAY-2021 * 22-May-20 07-MAY-2021 * 21-MAY-2021 *
I LIABILITIES TO THE BKG.SYSTEM (A)            
  a) Demand & Time deposits from bks. 254678.06 174611.37 173435.07 260015.56 179158.96 177916.68 **
  b) Borrowings from banks 67207.21 68178.13 46076.96 67247.21 68274.56 46084.21
  c) Other demand & time liabilities 17410.68 18624.34 18270.47 17564.2 18895.45 18512.62
II LIABILITIES TO OTHERS (A)            
  a) Deposits (other than from banks) 13829914.62 15216866.27 15166808.18 14247542.66 15641285.69 15590211.11
  i) Demand 1444906.87 1719768.67 1694751.82 1480092.79 1758074.03 1733941.65
  ii) Time 12385007.75 13497097.45 13472056.33 12767449.87 13883211.52 13856269.43
  b) Borrowings@ 290789 238888.79 244661.41 294904.95 243760.9 250373.68
  c) Other demand & time liabilities 518914.89 577903.36 563199.86 531491.98 590292.85 575119.11
III BORROWINGS FROM R.B.I. (B) 292242.11 89591.86 90485.86 292242.11 89591.86 90485.86
  Against usance bills and / or prom. Notes            
IV CASH 87989.65 90738.89 91697.92 90351.33 92669.43 93717.26
V BALANCES WITH R.B.I. (B) 433987.24 557032.49 603344.19 447371.57 572005.64 619801.25
VI ASSETS WITH BANKING SYSTEM            
  a) Balances with other banks            
  i) In current accounts 19876.27 43491.86 24032.84 22187.74 45408.75 26434.26
  ii) In other accounts 152345.46 124118.96 122996.48 187454.54 153789.09 152112.68
  b) Money at call & short notice 18704.86 10793.08 7849.24 46590.52 26550.39 26048.49
  c) Advances to banks (i.e. due from bks.) 25057.56 15632.05 14363.97 26422.18 17969.23 16584.99 £
  d) Other assets 52919.29 25016.31 28076.08 59907.62 27902.59 30940.96
VII INVESTMENTS (At book value) 4054370.95 4571714.98 4535494.66 4175637.94 4706548.21 4686186.92
  a) Central & State Govt. securities+ 4052676.65 4570477.09 4534244.62 4166986.36 4699376.45 4679219.48
  b) Other approved securities 1694.3 1237.89 1250.03 8651.57 7171.76 6967.43
VIII BANK CREDIT (Excluding Inter Bank Advance) 10222753.18 10869987.32 10833588.55 10554829.93 11211361.62 11171141.11
  a) Loans, cash credits & Overdrafts$ 10034609.25 10666606.13 10633571.89 10364490.12 11005688.71 10968772.38
  b) Inland Bills purchased 22396.35 29697.08 28685.76 22649.4 29712.6 28702.02
  c) Inland Bills discounted 126922.9 121974.28 119860.5 128130.79 123185.04 121296.88
  d) Foreign Bills purchased 14734.05 18551.54 17981.18 14929.72 18855.51 18258.18
  e) Foreign Bills discounted 24090.65 33158.26 33489.17 24629.89 33919.72 34111.6
NOTE
* Provisional figures incorporated in respect of such banks as have not been able to submit final figures.
(A) Demand and Time Liabilities do not include borrowings of any Scheduled State Co-operative Bank from State Government and any reserve fund deposits maintained with such banks by any co-operative society within the areas of operation of such banks.
** This excludes deposits of Co-operative Banks with Scheduled State Co-operative Banks. These are included under item II (a).
@ Other than from Reserve Bank, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development and Export Import Bank of India.
(B) The figures relating to Scheduled Commercial Banks’ Borrowings in India from Reserve Bank and balances with Reserve Bank are those shown in the statement of affairs of the Reserve Bank. Borrowings against usance bills and/ or promissory notes are under Section 17(4)(c) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Following a change in the accounting practise for LAF transactions with effect from July 11, 2014, as per the recommendations of Malegam Committee formed to review the Format of Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Account of the Bank, the transactions in case of Repo/ Term Repo/MSF are reflected under “Borrowings from RBI”.
£ This excludes advances granted by Scheduled State Co-operative Banks to Co-operative banks. These are included under item VIII (a).
+ Includes Treasury Bills, Treasury Deposits, Treasury Savings Certificates and postal obligations.
$ Includes advances granted by Scheduled Commercial Banks and State Co-operative Banks to Public Food Procurement Agencies (viz. Food Corporation of India, State Government and their agencies under the Food consortium).

Food Credit Outstanding as on
(₹ in Crore)
Date 22-May-20 07-May-21 21-May-21
Scheduled Commercial Banks 79416.24 85094.17 90662.91
State Co-operative Banks 30407.05 35818.89 35818.89

The expression ‘ Banking System ‘ or ‘ Banks ‘ means the banks and any other financial institution referred to in sub-clauses (i) to (vi) of clause (d) of the explanation below Section 42(1) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.

No. of Scheduled Commercial Banks as on Current Fortnight:133

Ajit Prasad
Director   

Press Release: 2021-2022/322

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‘Consumer confidence slips to a new low in May’

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The Consumer Confidence Survey released by the Reserve Bank of India for the month of May showed that the consumer confidence for the current period weakened further.

The current situation index (CSI), which has been in the negative territory since July 2019, fell to a new all-time low as consumer perceptions on general economic situation and employment scenario lowered further.

The future expectations index (FEI) moved to pessimistic territory for the second time since the onset of the pandemic. This was driven by sharp fall in expectations on general economic situation, employment scenario and household income over one-year horizon.

Household spending, too, weakened in the latest survey round, with essential spending showing signs of moderation while non-essential spending continues to contract.

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RBI policy will help revive growth amidst second wave of Covid, say Bankers

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The status quo on rates and the accommodative stance of the Reserve Bank of India will help revive growth amidst the second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, bankers said.

“The RBI approach to continue with the accommodative stance as long as necessary to revive and sustain growth on a durable basis is quite encouraging. Given the challenging situation, the status quo on signal rates is on the expected line,” said Raj Kiran Rai, Chairman, Indian Banks’ Association and Managing Director and CEO, Union Bank of India.

Dinesh Khara, Chairman, State Bank of India, said the coordinated and active efforts of the RBI and government will support growth on a more durable basis during these difficult times

“The policy announcements of the RBI are clearly focused on extending liquidity support to stressed sectors by a more equitable distribution. The growth and inflation numbers have been revised looking at the current uncertain environment. The policy announcements are unequivocal in supporting growth through liquidity and market interventions through Regional Rural Banks and also by fast tracking resolution of stressed MSME sector,” he said.

“The decision of keeping the repo rate unchanged along with maintenance of accommodative stance is on expected lines and necessary to mitigate the growth uncertainty and inflation concerns,” said SS Mallikarjuna Rao, Managing Director and CEO, Punjab National Bank.

Zarin Daruwala, Cluster CEO, India and South Asia markets (Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka), Standard Chartered Bank, said, RBI’s reiteration of its accommodative stance till economic growth recovers, should help ease financial conditions and cap interest rates.

“RBI continued its focus on targeted credit delivery to sectors in need of liquidity by augmenting the special liquidity window to SIDBI for on-lending to MSMEs and by providing Banks with subsidised on-tap liquidity for on-lending to COVID intensive sectors,” she further noted.

Economists said a further downward revision in the RBI’s growth projection of 9.5 per cent for 2021-22 is possible while inflation may be higher than the estimated 5.1 per cent.

“The second wave of the pandemic, apart from immediate loss of economic activity, will likely also result in medium-term headwinds in recovery in business and consumer confidence. While the RBI has lowered their 2021-22 growth forecasts today by 1 percentage point, one feels further material downside to the same remains a possibility,” said Siddhartha Sanyal, Chief Economist and Head – Research, Bandhan Bank.

“We think a critical mass of the population will be vaccinated by December, and the rise in activity and demand will give producers the confidence to pass on higher input costs to consumers, putting upward pressure on core inflation,” said a note by HSBC Global Research.

However, as long as CPI inflation remains under 6%, we are not expecting a repo rate hike in the foreseeable future, or for as long as private investment remains subdued, it further said.

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Reserve Bank of India – Press Releases

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1. As announced in the Statement on Developmental and Regulatory Policies on June 04, 2021 it has been decided to open a separate liquidity window of ₹15,000 crore with tenors of up to three years at the repo rate till March 31, 2022 for certain contact-intensive sectors i.e., hotels and restaurants; tourism – travel agents, tour operators and adventure/heritage facilities; aviation ancillary services – ground handling and supply chain; and other services that include private bus operators, car repair services, rent-a-car service providers, event/conference organisers, spa clinics, and beauty parlours/saloons.

2. Under the scheme, banks are expected to create a separate COVID loan book. By way of an incentive, such banks will be eligible to park their surplus liquidity up to the size of the COVID loan book created under this scheme with the Reserve Bank under the reverse repo window at a rate which is 25 bps lower than the repo rate.

3. Banks desirous of deploying their own resources without availing funds from the Reserve Bank under the scheme for lending to the specified segments mentioned above will also be eligible for the incentive stipulated in para 2 above.

4. The operational details of the scheme are given in Annex-1.

(Yogesh Dayal)     
Chief General Manager

Press Release: 2021-2022/323


Annex-1

The operational details of the On-Tap Liquidity Window for Contact-Intensive Sectors scheme are as under:

(a) The scheme will remain operational from June 07, 2021 till March 31, 2022.

(b) All banks eligible under the Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF) can participate in the scheme. Requests from banks desirous of availing funds from the RBI will be subject to availability of funds as on the date of application, i.e., funds cannot be guaranteed in case the total amount of ₹15,000 crore is already availed. Furthermore, banks should endeavour to lend within a reasonable period, i.e., not later than 30 days from the date of availing the funds from the RBI. There is no tenor restriction regarding lending by banks under the scheme. However, the banks will have to ensure that the amount borrowed from RBI should at all times be backed by lending to the specified sectors till maturity of the scheme.

(c) The scheme will be operationalised on tap. Banks can place requests for funds in the format enclosed in Annex-2, through e-mail. The Reserve Bank will aggregate all such requests received and release funds every Monday (on the subsequent working day if Monday is a holiday) by initiating a 3-year repo contract with the requesting bank.

(d) If a bank places multiple requests during the week, all such requests will be aggregated, and a single repo contract will be created on the date of operation.

(e) In case the requested amount exceeds the remaining amount under the scheme on the date of operation, the remaining amount will be distributed on pro-rata basis among all the eligible requests.

(f) The Reserve Bank reserves the right to decide the quantum of allotment and /or accept/reject any or all of the requests, either wholly/partially, without assigning any reason thereof.

(g) The eligible collateral and margin requirements will remain the same as applicable for LAF operations. The requesting bank must ensure that sufficient amount of securities is available in its Repo constituent account on the date of operation. All other terms and conditions as applicable to LAF operations, including facility for security substitution, will also be made applicable to the scheme, mutatis mutandis.

(h) Banks can park their surplus liquidity up to the size of the COVID loan book, created under this scheme, in a special 14-day reverse repo window to be conducted on each reporting Friday between 12:30 PM and 1:00 PM. The first such operation will be held on June 18, 2021. These 14-day reverse repo operations would continue till March 31, 2022 and will be reviewed thereafter. Banks are required to ensure scrupulous compliance with the above conditions prior to parking of funds in the special 14-day reverse repo window.

(i) Banks desirous of deploying their own resources without availing funds from the RBI under the scheme will also be eligible for the facility stipulated in para (h) above. Banks deploying their own resources for lending to the specified segments are required to keep the Financial Markets Operations Department informed by e-mail about any changes in the COVID loan book during the previous week on every Monday till closure of the scheme.

(j) The amount utilised under the scheme will be informed to market participants in the Money Market Operations (MMO) press release.

(k) All queries/clarifications regarding operational aspects of the facility may be directed to the Financial Markets Operations Department through e-mail and/or telephone (022-22630982). All technical issues may be directed to the e-Kuber Helpdesk through e-mail (ekuberhelpdesk@rbi.org.in with a copy to laffmd@rbi.org.in) and/or telephone (022-27595662/67/022-27595591 /92/93/94).

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‘Forex reserves may have crossed $600-billion mark’

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India’s foreign exchange (FX) reserves may have vaulted over the $600 billion milestone in the week ended June 4, 2021.

The reserves jumped by $5.271 billion in the week ended May 28, 2021 to stand at $598.2 billion, as per the Reserve Bank of India’s latest weekly statistical supplement.

RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das underscored that emerging market economies have to build up their own buffers and India is no exception.

Das said: “After a risk-off period of retrenchment in April-May, the prospects for capital flows to India are improving again. While these flows ease external financing constraints, they also impart volatility to financial markets and asset prices, while producing undesirable and unintended fluctuations in liquidity that can vitiate the monetary policy stance.”

Das observed that this has necessitated countervailing two-sided interventions by the central bank in spot, forward and futures markets to stabilise financial market and liquidity conditions so that monetary policy retains its domestic orientation and the independence to pursue national objectives.

Spike in forward premia

Thus, RBI actively engages in both purchases and sales in the foreign exchange market and its various segments.

“The success of these efforts is reflected in the stability and orderliness in market conditions and in the exchange rate in spite of large global spillovers. In the process, strength is imparted to the country’s balance sheet by the accumulation of reserves,” Das emphasised.

To a question on why forward premia spiked earlier and in the last three days came crashing down, Michael D Patra, Deputy Governor, said the forward premia are essentially a market outcome.

“Last time when the forward premia spiked, it was because of foreign investment in an InvIT (Infrastructure Investment Trust)….So, we watch these outcomes and stand ready to take countervailing action….as and when necessary,” Patra said.

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