Improved Spends: Driven by storefront QR codes, offline merchant transactions grow

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The surge in offline merchant payments during Q2FY22 has been aided by the opening up of more stores and businesses ahead of the festive season and after the second wave of Covid-19

Offline merchant transactions, driven by storefront quick response (QR) codes, grew faster than online merchant transactions during the quarter ended September, according to a report by PhonePe. Industry players attributed the pick-up in offline digital transactions to the pandemic-era habit of minimising cash usage as also the unlocking of businesses after the second Covid wave receded.

In its report on digital payment trends in July-September, PhonePe said that offline merchant payments — such as paying at kiranas in store — grew faster than online merchant payments at a sequential rate of 65%. “In a clear indicator of recovery post the second wave of the pandemic, and stores rapidly opening up, nearly four out of five merchant payments are now offline payment transactions,” PhonePe said in the report.

Industry executives are of the view that the increased incidence of digital payments that was observed when the pandemic first broke out has turned into a habit for many people. Consumers now seek the same convenience in paying for groceries or vegetables that they have got used to while ordering food or electronics online.

Anand Kumar Bajaj, founder & CEO, PayNearby, said the rise in offline payments seen in the last few months is a direct outcome of people getting used to paying digitally for e-commerce products and services over the last two years. “We have also seen the number of QR-enabled storefronts rise by 22-23%. The newly acquired convenience of paying online from home has now translated into a search for a similar kind of convenience offline,” he said.

The surge in offline merchant payments during Q2FY22 has been aided by the opening up of more stores and businesses ahead of the festive season and after the second wave of Covid-19. Independent fintech expert Parijat Garg said the number of merchants offering QR-based payments has increased, with small roadside shops and vegetable vendors also joining in. “This year, the growth in transactions has been good because of improved sentiment and the easing of mobility restrictions. The fact that there is no fixed cost involved has also helped the adoption by a large number of offline merchants,” Garg said.

Historically, merchant payments at brick-and-mortar establishments in India relied mainly on debit and credit cards, which required a point of sale (POS) machine at every store. The spread of QR-based transactions has offered merchants, especially those operating on thin margins, an option to accept cashless payments with hardly any increase in cost.

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WhatsApp Pay remains in the slow lane four months since November launch

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There has also been little marketing buzz around the payment feature and, not to forget, a majority of WhatsApp’s 400 million-strong user base in India lacks access to it.

Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions through WhatsApp remained tepid in March, four months since the feature went live for 20 million users on the messaging app. Despite early predictions that payments via the messaging app would explode once the feature went live, WhatsApp accounted for only 0.02% of UPI volumes and 0.01% of transaction value.

Industry executives FE spoke to said that the limited number of transactions might be attributable to the fact that the Facebook-owned company may not have begun implementing its plans for payments. “They haven’t quite given it a push, at least not yet,” a senior executive with a private bank said on condition of anonymity.

What this means is that they have not aggressively started acquiring merchants to enable peer-to-merchant (P2M) transactions. There has also been little marketing buzz around the payment feature and, not to forget, a majority of WhatsApp’s 400 million-strong user base in India lacks access to it. The company does have about 15 million users on its WhatsApp for Business app, designed specifically for the kirana shop owner. In 2019, the company released catalogues for shop owners to showcase their products to their customers and in 2020, it added more new features to the business app.

An email seeking a response from WhatsApp India on its payments strategy remained unanswered till the time of going to press. In December, the company had announced its plans to enable the sale of “sachet-sized” health insurance products through its platform. The messaging giant is also running pilots in the areas of micro-pension, edtech and agritech, said Abhijit Bose, head of WhatsApp India, speaking at Facebook’s Fuel for India event.

While State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank and Axis Bank are WhatsApp’s partners in payments, in the pension and insurance space, the company would be partnering with pinBox Solutions, HDFC Pension Management Company and SBI General Insurance. “WhatsApp has proactively been working on several pilots to help ensure that every adult has access to the most basic and critical financial livelihood services through their mobile device. By the end of this year, we expect that people will be able to buy affordable sachet-sized health insurance through WhatsApp,” Bose had said, adding that the company is also working on pension services for the informal sector in India.

In February 2018, when WhatsApp had gone for a beta launch of its payments facility for 1 million of its 230 million users, Credit Suisse had said that the feature could lead digital payments “to explode” and grow the size of the market to US$1 trillion over a five-year horizon.

In March 2021, PhonePe led the UPI market, processing 44% of all transactions on the channel and crossing the 1 billion-transaction mark during the month. It was followed by Google Pay and Paytm.

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