Credit shrinks less in second Covid wave due to localised lockdowns

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The first half of the financial year typically sees muted loan growth before the busy season begins with the festive season.

The degrowth in non-food credit on a year-to-date (ytd) basis so far in FY22 has been lesser than in the comparable period in FY21 as the lockdowns during the second wave of the pandemic were more localised in nature. Between March 29 and July 30, 2021, banks’ outstanding loans fell 0.5%, against a 1.1% drop in outstanding loans seen between March 27 and July 31, 2020.

In fact, the trend in loan growth was better in the first four months of FY22 than in the first four months of the pre-Covid year FY20. Between March 29 and August 2, 2019, outstanding loans in the banking system had fallen 0.66%. The first half of the financial year typically sees muted loan growth before the busy season begins with the festive season.

In a report dated August 16, Nomura said that its India business resumption index (NIBRI) took less than three months to cross 100 after the second wave, whereas it had taken nearly 10 months to crawl back towards the 100-mark after the first wave of Covid-19.

Bankers said that while the imposition of lockdowns and other mobility restrictions had hurt disbursements in the first two months of FY22, the recovery was swift. Sandeep Bakhshi, MD & CEO, ICICI Bank, told analysts that retail disbursements moderated in April and May due to the containment measures in place across various parts of the country. “With the gradual easing of restrictions, disbursements picked up in June and July. Credit card spends declined in April and May but improved to March levels in June, driven by spends in categories like consumer durables, utilities, education and insurance,” Bakhshi said. ICICI Bank’s retail loan portfolio, excluding business banking, grew by 20.2% year-on-year and was flat sequentially as on June 30, 2021.

Utilisation of working capital limits has also improved. State Bank of India (SBI) chairman Dinesh Khara said earlier this month that the level of under-utilisation in the bank’s commercial client group dropped to 25% in Q1FY22 from about 30% in the previous quarter.

At the same time, lenders have been cautious while guiding for full-year credit growth. SBI said it expects a 9% growth in FY22 and Khara said credit growth will be a function of the real economy. “We are only waiting for the opportunity to support credit growth, but it will emanate from borrowers and the real economy,” he said.

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‘Non-food credit growth down to 6% in Nov’

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Non-food bank credit growth of scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) was lower at 6 per cent year-on-year (y-o-y) in November 2020 vis-a-vis 7.2 per cent in November 2019.

However, the November 2020 credit growth figure was an improvement over the preceding month’s 5.6 per cent growth (8.3 per cent in October 2019).

Credit growth to agriculture and allied activities accelerated to 8.5 per cent in November 2020 from 6.5 per cent in November 2019, according to the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) statement on “Sectoral Deployment of Bank Credit”. Credit to industry contracted marginally by 0.7 per cent as compared with 2.4 per cent growth in November 2019 due to contraction in credit to large industries by 1.8 per cent in November 2020 (3 per cent growth a year ago), the central bank said.

However, credit to medium industries registered a robust growth of 20.9 per cent in November 2020 vis-a-vis contraction of 2.4 per cent a year ago.

Credit growth to the services sector accelerated to 8.8 per cent (4.8 per cent) in November 2019 mainly on the back of acceleration in credit growth to ‘transport operators’ and ‘trade’ within the services sector.

Personal loans registered a growth of 10 per cent in November 2020 as compared with 16.4 per cent growth in November 2019. Within this sector, vehicle loans continued to perform well, registering an accelerated growth of 10 per cent in November 2020 vis-a-vis a growth of 4.7 per cent in November 2019.

Data on sectoral deployment of bank credit has been collected by RBI from select 33 scheduled commercial banks, accounting for about 90 per cent of the total non-food credit deployed by all scheduled commercial banks, for the month of November 2020 .

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