It’s Sebi vs FPIs, brokers on T+1, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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MUMBAI: Markets regulator Sebi and the brokers on Dalal Street are currently in a face-off relating to trading processes in the stock market. Sebi’s insistence on continuing with a very high margin requirement for all types of cash trades, called peak margin, has been met with strong resistance from the broking community.

As the issue relating to margin was being discussed between the regulator and the brokers, Sebi decided to move to the shorter T+1 settlement cycle from January 1, 2022.

On the second issue, although it will be optional when it begins next year, foreign investors have joined hands with brokers, saying that post-trade procedural time lags may lead to hurdles in shifting to a shorter settlement cycle. With no solution in sight, the issue has reached the finance ministry and may even land in court, industry sources said.

Sources within the regulatory body said that both the decisions were taken to make the Indian market a safer and better place. For one, the peak margin requirement will not impact investors who are buying to hold for the long term.

“Trading may become a bit costly for the day-traders,” a source said. In addition, the regulatory move to slowly shift to a T+1 settlement cycle will be beneficial to traders who buy with the aim of making some profit within a day or two.

Under the current system of T+2 settlement, a buyer gets the shares that he bought in his demat account on the third working day, including the day of trade.

Similarly, the seller receives the money for shares sold on the third working day. Under the proposed T+1 settlement cycle, the shares and money will come to the investor’s account the next working day.

The regulator believes that moving to a T+1 settlement cycle is perfectly in tune with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ‘Ease of Doing Business’ initiative.

Foreign funds are opposing the move to a shorter settlement cycle since they have to tweak their settlement processes that involve their own people, the custodians in India, depositories, clearing corporations and banks, to meet the needs.

On the other hand, the regulator believes that since T+1 cycle will initially be optional for stocks that exchanges select, if the trading volumes in those stocks do not match up to the current T+2 cycle, the bourses will automatically revert to the longer settlement cycle.

Over the last few months, ANMI, one of the pan-India brokers’ bodies, made several representations to Sebi. These were against introductions of peak margin and T+1 settlement cycle. ANMI had pointed out that introduction of peak margin may increase market risks, defeating its objective of reducing the same.

The brokers’ body also said that if T+1 cycle is introduced, it would increase working capital requirement for brokers, extend working hours for banks and depositories, and increase settlement risks due to failure in matching trades by FPIs.

Veterans of the market, however, say that discount brokers stand to gain the most from the proposed changes, since these brokerages are relatively new, their operations are fully automated and digitised.

“The current situation presents a unique case: The regulator and some brokers, riding technological advancements in the financial space, are trying to move ahead. On the other hand, foreign funds who use state-of-the-art technologies for trading, want to continue to use legacy technology when it comes to settlement of trades,” said a market observer.



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Restored normalcy in PSU banks hamstrung by sticky bad assets: Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman

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She said there are lot of changes happening in the banking sector at a fast pace through digitisation. (File)

Union finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Sunday said the government was able to bring back normalcy with regards to mounting non-performing assets (NPAs) in most of the public sector banks that have been a cause of concern since 2014.

The Centre, apart from infusing required capital, monitored  the PSU banks with regular assessment and reviews while taking prompt corrective actions.

Inaugurating the centenary celebrations of Tamilnad Mercantile Bank (TMB) at Tuticorin, Sitharaman said the problems in banking sector are major problems that concern the entire country which also made everyone feel concerned about the sector.

“Post 2014, we had witnessed major NPA problems in the PSU banks, it took five to six years to reverse the trend and bring back normalcy in most of the banks. While the banks spent energy in the recovery process, even as trying to grow their businesses,” she said.

While speaking on bringing about the efficiency in the banking system, she said the way forward for any bank was to adopt complete technology-enabled solutions.

“Today financial technology is the biggest area and using that we could cross-populate data into forms. Auto-populating data of a consumer has been very useful and it can be done only through digitisation and the management of TMB should think of greater use of digitisation. Digitisation cannot be avoided for your own good and for the sake of customers,” she said.

She said there are lot of changes happening in the banking sector at a fast pace through digitisation. “There is no necessity to open a branch in a place which does not have a  bank. To reach a customer’s bank account of the people who live there, all kind of technologies are available today. Even sitting from Tuticorin one can serve the banking requirements of people living in small villages through technology”, she said.

Sitharaman said even during Covid-19 pandemic with the use of digitisation through banking correspondents, the government’s financial disbursements were distributed to the needy after verifying their details.

“Prime Minister Narendra Modi was clearly aware that banking is important and did not hesitate that there can be zero balance accounts if they were opened under the Jandhan Yojana scheme, launched in 2014. He ensured that every one must hold a bank account and be able to transact,” she said.

K V Rama Moorthy, MD & CEO, TMB, said, “To help borrowers to overcome the adverse impact of Covid-19, till date, the bank has covered 13,753 beneficiaries and the exposure to the tune of Rs 1,567.62 crore. In the era of digital banking, we were the first bank to introduce robotics in currency chest to sort and bundling of currencies in order to provide quality service to the customers. Disbursement of loans to pharma and health care units will be at the heart of a year- long series of events and initiatives from us.”

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Finance Ministry exploring insurance bonds as alternative to bank guarantees, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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The government is considering introducing insurance bonds as an alternative to bank guarantees, Finance Secretary T V Somanathan said here on Tuesday. Somanathan made the announcement during a meeting between industry captains and Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, who is on a two-day visit to the financial capital.

“Government is exploring the possibility of instituting insurance bonds as alternatives to bank guarantees,” an official statement said.

Bank guarantees are usually asked for while extending a loan and typically require a collateral. An insurance bond is also a surety but it does not require any collateral.

As per reports last year, insurance regulator Irdai was also looking at the option of insurers offering surety bonds in the context of road projects.

(With inputs from PTI)

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Finance Ministry exploring insurance bonds as alternative to bank guarantees, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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The government is considering to introduce insurance bonds as an alternative to bank guarantees, Finance Secretary T V Somanathan said here on Tuesday. Somanathan made the announcement during a meeting between industry captains and Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, who is on a two-day visit to the financial capital.

“Government is exploring on instituting insurance bonds as alternatives to bank guarantees,” an official statement said.

Bank guarantees are usually asked for while extending a loan and typically require a collateral. An insurance bond is also a surety but it does not require any collateral.

As per reports last year, insurance regulator Irdai was also looking at the option of insurers offering surety bonds in the context of road projects.

Sitharaman, who met the industry captains in the evening, said the government is committed to working towards ensuring policy certainty, adding that the regulators also have a key role in ensuring the same.

She said the government is working with the regulators on this “important issue”, as per the statement.

The finance minister emphasised the importance of ‘India’s own equity capital’ while addressing the industry and assured government facilitation for sunrise sectors and startups.

Revenue Secretary Tarun Bajaj said his department was working on tax-related issues of startups and sought industry inputs on the same.

Sitharaman also assured the industry of addressing issues related to competitiveness, including high power tariffs, and matters related to cumbersome regulatory compliances, the statement said.

The economy is moving gradually from a bank-led lending model to a more market-based finance model and the operationalisation of the Development Finance Institution (DFI) will ensure long-term lending for projects, Sitharaman said.

The DFI will increase competition for banks and also improve their efficiency, the statement quoted her as saying.

In the meeting, which comes in the wake of a controversy caused by her cabinet colleague Piyush Goyal’s reported remarks about disenchantment with the industry for not keeping the nation’s interest in mind, Sitharaman said, “This government believes in listening, working and responding and would extend all possible support.”

Tata Steel’s T V Narendran said for growth to take deep roots, sustained demand is critical, and the immediate source of demand has to be government expenditure.

Narendran also recommended frontloading of the committed capital expenditure, especially on infrastructure, adding that the first quarter’s handsome revenues create a room for the same, as per the statement.

On the issue of arbitration awards being appealed, Somanathan said there is a need for a behaviourial change and added that the government trusts wealth creators.

The constraint on vaccination is on the supply side and the same is likely to be addressed soon, he further said.

Sitharaman met officials from income tax, Goods and Services Tax (GST) and customs departments in two separate meetings in what is her maiden visit to the financial capital since the second wave of COVID-19.

She is scheduled to address chiefs of state-run banks at a meeting on Wednesday.



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FM Nirmala Sitharaman, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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India is among a few G20 countries on track towards United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Paris Agreement goals and has taken decisive actions to tackle climate change, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Wednesday. The minister, in a meeting with COP 26 president-designate Alok Sharma, said the government is taking concrete steps and at appreciable speed to meet its commitments on the target of 450 GW of renewable energy by 2030.

She also said 100 GW of this renewable energy had already been achieved.

Among other important initiatives, she mentioned the extensive work done on Hydrogen Energy Mission.

The minister discussed various issues related to climate change and specifically COP 26 — the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties, a Finance Ministry statement said.

The UK will host the international climate conference COP 26 in November this year.

With regards to ongoing discussions on climate change in various fora, Sitharaman referring to the dialogue on climate justice spoke about the need to bring a sense of compassion towards the poor.

The Finance Minister expressed hope that the commitment made by the developed countries to provide USD 100 billion per year to developing countries would be achieved and was optimistic about a positive outcome on the new collective goals on finance in COP 26.

The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. It was adopted by 196 countries at COP 21 in Paris, on December 12, 2015 and entered into force on November 4, 2016.

Its goal is to limit global warming to well below 2, preferably to 1.5 degree Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.



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DCB Bank gets RBI nod to conduct govt related transactions, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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DCB Bank on Thursday said it has received RBI nod to conduct government related transactions. The Reserve Bank has empanelled DCB Bank as an agency bank to facilitate banking and payment transactions for the central and state governments, it said in a release.

This empanelment follows the announcement by the Finance Ministry in May 2021 lifting the embargo on further allocation of government business to private sector banks.

Through this arrangement, DCB Bank will carry out specific banking services on behalf of both the central and state governments, while continuing to offer SME, micro SME and individual customers the convenience of routine financial transactions through its advanced banking platform, it said.

“DCB Bank’s focus is SME, micro SME, agri and inclusive banking, we look forward to supporting them by providing access to CBDT, CBIC, GST transactions amongst others,” said Praveen Kutty, Head of Retail Banking, DCB Bank.



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Banks set for higher provisioning hit as Vodafone Idea totters, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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Banks are going for higher provisioning for the Vodafone Idea account even as the future of the company hangs by a thread.

IDFC First Bank has marked the account of VIL as stressed and has made provisions of 15 per cent (Rs 487 crore) against the outstanding exposure of Rs 3,244 crore (funded and non-funded).

“This provision translates to 24 per cent of the funded exposure on this account. The said account is current and has no overdues as of June 30, 2021,” the lender said in its Q1 FY’22 investor presentation, referring to the account as “one large telecom account”.

According to official data, VIL had an adjusted gross revenue (AGR) liability of Rs 58,254 crore out of which the company has paid Rs 7,854.37 crore and Rs 50,399.63 crore is outstanding.

The company’s gross debt, excluding lease liabilities, stood at Rs 1,80,310 crore as of March 31, 2021. The amount included deferred spectrum payment obligations of Rs 96,270 crore and debt from banks and financial institutions of Rs 23,080 crore apart from the AGR liability.

More banks may go for provisioning in the next couple of quarters for the account as troubles mount for the company.

Discussions with banks

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has initiated discussions with banks to address financial stress in the telecom sector, particularly Vodafone Idea Ltd (VIL) that urgently requires fund infusion to stay afloat.

There was a meeting of DOT officials and senior bankers on Friday on the issue of Vodafone, sources said, adding that banks have been asked to look for a solution within the prudential guidelines.

According to sources, senior officials from the country’s biggest lenders State Bank of India and Bank of Baroda were also present among others in the meeting.

More such meetings are expected to take place in the coming days, they said.

Meanwhile, the finance ministry has asked public sector banks to collate and submit data related to their debt exposure to the telecom sector in general and VIL in particular.

Lenders, both public and private, stare at a loss of Rs 1.8 lakh crore in case VIL collapses. A large part of the loans to the lender is in the form of guarantees with public sector banks having a lion’s share of the debt. Among the private-sector lenders, Yes Bank and IDFC First Bank may be impacted the most. As a precursor, some private lenders with a funded exposure have already started making provisions.

Promoters in bind

In a backdrop of such large liabilities, both the promoter Vodafone Plc (45 per cent stake) and Aditya Birla Group (27 per cent stake) expressed their inability to bring in additional capital.

Writing a letter to Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba in June, Aditya Birla Group Chairman Kumar Mangalam Birla said investors are not willing to invest in the company in the absence of clarity on AGR liability, adequate moratorium on spectrum payments and most importantly floor pricing regime being above the cost of service.

“It is with a sense of duty towards the 27 crore Indians connected by VIL, I am more than willing to hand over my stake in the company to any entity-public sector/government /domestic financial entity or any other that the government may consider worthy of keeping the company as a going concern,” Birla said in the letter.

Birla has quit the post of non-executive chairman post of the floundering telecom giant last week.

Giving relief to Vodafone on one front, the government has proposed to withdraw all back tax demands on companies with passage of ‘The Taxation Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021’.



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DoT engages with banks to find solution to stress in telecom sector, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has initiated discussions with banks to address financial stress in the telecom sector, particularly Vodafone Idea Ltd (VIL) that urgently requires fund infusion to stay afloat.

There was a meeting of DOT officials and senior bankers on Friday on the issue of Vodafone, sources said, adding that banks have been asked to look for a solution within the prudential guidelines.

According to sources, senior officials from the country’s biggest lenders State Bank of India and Bank of Baroda were also present among others in the meeting.

More such meetings are expected to take place in the coming days, they said.

Meanwhile, the finance ministry has asked public sector banks to collate and submit data related to their debt exposure to the telecom sector in general and VIL in particular.

Lenders, both public and private, stare at a loss of Rs 1.8 lakh crore in case VIL collapses. A large part of the loans to the lender is in the form of guarantees with public sector banks having a lion’s share of the debt. Among the private sector lenders, Yes Bank and IDFC First Bank may be impacted the most. As a precursor, some private lenders with a funded exposure have already started making provisions.

For example, IDFC First Bank has marked the account of VIL as stressed and has made provisions of 15 per cent (Rs 487 crore) against the outstanding exposure of Rs 3,244 crore (funded and non-funded).

“This provision translates to 24 per cent of the funded exposure on this account. The said account is current and has no overdues as of June 30, 2021,” the lender said in its Q1 FY’22 investor presentation, referring to the account as “one large telecom account”.

According to official data, VIL had an adjusted gross revenue (AGR) liability of Rs 58,254 crore out of which the company has paid Rs 7,854.37 crore and Rs 50,399.63 crore is outstanding.

The company’s gross debt, excluding lease liabilities, stood at Rs 1,80,310 crore as of March 31, 2021. The amount included deferred spectrum payment obligations of Rs 96,270 crore and debt from banks and financial institutions of Rs 23,080 crore apart from the AGR liability.

In a backdrop of such a large liabilities, both the promoter Vodafone Plc (45 per cent stake) and Aditya Birla Group (27 per cent stake) expressed their inability to bring in additional capital.

Writing a letter to Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba in June, Aditya Birla Group Chairman Kumar Mangalam Birla said investors are not willing to invest in the company in the absence of clarity on AGR liability, adequate moratorium on spectrum payments and most importantly floor pricing regime being above the cost of service.

“It is with a sense of duty towards the 27 crore Indians connected by VIL, I am more than willing to hand over my stake in the company to any entity-public sector/government /domestic financial entity or any other that the government may consider worthy of keeping the company as a going concern,” Birla said in the letter.

Birla has quit the post of non-executive chairman post of the floundering telecom giant last week.

Giving relief to Vodafone on one front, the government has proposed to withdraw all back tax demands on companies with passage of ‘The Taxation Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021’.

The 2012 legislation, commonly referred to as the retrospective tax law, was enacted after the Supreme Court in January that year rejected proceedings brought by tax authorities against Vodafone International Holdings BV for its failure to deduct withholding tax from USD 11.1 billion paid to Hutchison Telecommunications in 2007 for buying out its 67 per cent stake in a wholly-owned Cayman Island incorporated subsidiary that indirectly held interests in Vodafone India Ltd.

The Finance Act 2012, which amended various provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 with retrospective effect, contained provisions intended to tax any gain on transfer of shares in a non-Indian company, which derives substantial value from underlying Indian assets, such as Vodafone’s transaction with Hutchison in 2007 or the internal reorganisation of the India business that Cairn Energy did in 2006-07 before listing it on local bourses.

Using that law, tax authorities in January 2013 slapped Vodafone with a tax demand of Rs 14,200 crore, including principal tax of Rs 7,990 crore and interest. This was in February 2016 updated to Rs 22,100 crore plus interest.

A similar demand was also slapped on Vedanta Ltd, which bought Cairn’s India business in 2011. Both Cairn and Vodafone challenged the demand under bilateral investment treaties India has with UK and the Netherlands, and they both got favourable rulings recently.

Vedanta, from whom no tax recovery was made, too initiated arbitration to challenge the tax demand under the India-UK treaty. That arbitration award has not come yet.



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GST collections for July record Rs 1.16 lakh crore, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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Gross goods and service tax (GST) revenue collected in July stood at Rs 1,16,393 crore showing a revived uptrend in business activity and economy during June as states eased restrictions.

The collections crossed the Rs 1 lakh-crore mark again after dipping from the level in June due to lockdowns or restrictions imposed by states amid the Covid second wave.

“With the easing out of Covid restrictions, GST collection for July 2021 has again crossed Rs 1 lakh crore, which clearly indicates that the economy is recovering at a fast pace,” the finance ministry said in a statement Sunday.

“The robust GST revenues are likely to continue in the coming months too,” it added.

The revenues for the month of July are 33% higher than the GST revenues in the same month last year.

During the month, revenues from import of goods were 36% higher and the revenues from domestic transaction, including import of services, are 32% higher than the revenues from these sources during the same month last year, the ministry added.

Experts said the sharp increase in the collections for June 21 indicates the resumption of economic activities in June and will raise expectations of better collections in the coming months.

”The improvement in GST collections both on domestic transactions and imports, accompanied by the fact that major producing states have shown significant increases, would indicate that the economic activities have resumed across the country,” said MS Mani, senior director at Deloitte India.

”If the country is able to resist the third wave, the GST collections should increase from here on,” said Rajat Bose, partner at Shardul Amarchand Mangaldas & Co.

Of the GST revenue collected in July, central GST is Rs 22,197 crore, state GST is Rs 28,541 crore, integrated GST is Rs 57,864 crore, including Rs 27,900 crore collected on import of goods, and cess is Rs 7,790 crore, including Rs 815 crore collected on import of goods.

The above figure includes GST collection received from GSTR-3B returns filed between July 1and 31 as well as integrated GST and cess collected from imports for the same period.

The GST collection for the returns filed between July 1-5, of Rs 4,937 crore had also been included in the GST collection in the press note for the month of June 2021 since taxpayers were given various relief measures in the form of waiver or reduction in interest on delayed return filing for 15 days for the return filing month June for the taxpayers with the aggregate turnover upto Rs 5 crore in the wake of Covid pandemic second wave.

The government has settled Rs 28,087 crore to central GST and Rs 24,100 crore to state GST from integrated GST as regular settlement. The total revenue of Centre and the States after regular settlement in the month of July 2021 is Rs 50,284 crore for central GST and Rs 52,641 crore for the state GST.



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Public sector banks recover Rs 1 lakh crore from written-off accounts, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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Public banks have recovered around Rs 1 lakh crore they had written off in the last few years, according to finance ministry officials.

There has been discussion around “write-off” of over Rs 8 lakh crore during the last seven years, the government
believes that these are technical in nature and are actually meant to bring about transparency in bank balance sheets.

The steps taken by the government over the last few years — from enacting Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code and strengthening other laws to administrative measures — have helped banks recover around Rs 5.5 lakh crore of bad debt including Rs 99,996 from accounts that had been technically written off. Banks have used multiple sources — accruals, fundraising from the market and capital infusion by the government — to comply with the regulatory requirements.

Internal accruals and market raising account for as much as 70% of the provisioning done during the last few years.

The write-offs

Public sector banks have written off a massive Rs 8 lakh crore worth of loans since 2014, more than double the capital of Rs 3.37 lakh crore infused by the government in them.

The highest infusion was in fiscal 2019 when Rs 1.06 lakh crore were infused while in 2020-21, the government put in Rs 14,500 crore into four public sector banks.

The maximum write-offs were in fiscal 2019 at Rs 1.83 lakh crore, following by FY20 at Rs 1.75 lakh crore.

Reduction in non-performing assets due to write-offs for public sector banks stood at Rs 1,31,894 crore during fiscal 2020-21.

In FY2019-20, the number stood at Rs 1,75,877 crore, the RBI said

In the last seven years, bank credit to the industrial sector dropped to 28.9% in 2021 as compared to 42.7% in 2014. Credit to the retail sector grew from 16.2% to 26.3% in the last seven years.

The comparison

The loans write-off between 2015 and 2019 were more than three times compared to the figures of bad loans written off during the previous Congress-led UPA regime from 2004-2014, as per an RTI revelation.

During the UPA’s 10-year rule, around Rs2,20,328 crore was written off by various banks, and this figure shot up to Rs 7,94,354 crore during the NDA regime from 2015-2019, resulting in a corresponding reduction in the banks’ NPAs.

The RTI reply figures around two-dozen public sector banks (PSBs), some three-dozen in the private sector, nine scheduled commercial banks, a four-dozen foreign banks, and several in each category not written off any loans.

Of the loan write-offs in the UPA decade (2004-2014), the PSBs accounted for approximately Rs 1,58,994 crore, while the private banks’ amounts were Rs41,391 crore and for foreign banks it was Rs 19,945 crore, with no write-offs by Scheduled Banks.

Later, in the NDA regime (2015-2019), the PSBs accounted for a stupendous Rs 6,24,370 crore loan write-off, with the private banks writing off Rs 1,51,989 crore and the foreign banks shared the remaining 17,995 crore, (Total—Rs7,94,354 crore), besides an additional write-off by scheduled banks totalling Rs 1,295 crore (Total – Rs 7,95,649 crore).



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