Gold is good but Bitcoin’s better for $7.5 billion hedge fund, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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Gold will surge to fresh highs in the next year, but investors seeking currency alternatives as global debt balloons should look to Bitcoin, according to a $7.5 billion hedge fund.

Both are likely to rally even as the Federal Reserve moves to taper asset purchases, said Troy Gayeski, co-chief investment officer and senior portfolio manager at SkyBridge Capital. The two are frequently compared by investors, with former Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers saying cryptocurrencies could stay a feature of global markets as something akin to digital gold.

“We’re going to stick to Bitcoin and crypto because we just think there’s more upside,” Gayeski said in a telephone interview last week. While there’s more volatility, “you’re going to capture a little bit more juice than you will in gold from that same phenomenon,” he added

Investors are tracking commentary by the U.S. central bank as inflation ticks higher and policy makers move closer to paring the huge asset purchases that rescued the economy from the turmoil caused by the pandemic. The monetary support has driven the Fed’s balance sheet to a record, while muscular fiscal spending has boosted government debt. Both may pose an eventual risk to the dollar’s value, potentially burnishing the appeal of alternatives.

“All fiat-currency alternatives — which have all gone through fairly recent substantial corrections — are in a much better place now to handle that eventual taper and gradual slowing of money-supply growth, than they were as they were making higher-highs after higher-highs,” Gayeski said.

Both Bitcoin and gold have seen substantial swings this year, which unfolded amid a debate about whether the cryptocurrency was drawing demand away from bullion. The digital token soared to a record near $65,000 in April, before plunging. It was last around $36,000. Gold, meanwhile, came close to sinking into a bear market in March, but reversed course to erase year-to-date losses.

Leading Wall Street banks are divided on the relative merits of the pair — Citigroup Inc. has said gold is “losing luster” to cryptocurrencies, while Goldman Sachs Group Inc. made the case that the two assets can coexist. Tesla Inc. boss Elon Musk, whose tweets have roiled Bitcoin prices this year, said in May he supports cryptocurrencies over fiat, or paper, currencies.

Bullion, which hit a record above $2,075 an ounce last year, has now established a floor, according to Gayeski. A lot of the taper talk concerns have been pulled out of the market, and even when it’s announced, the Fed is not going to start to reducing the pace of its purchases until 2022, he said.

“Going forward, the probability of gold continuing an uptrend is fairly high, making new highs over the next year,” he said.

Even as signs of recovery accumulate, the Fed is still buying $120 billion of Treasury and mortgage-backed securities a month, and its balance sheet has surged toward $8 trillion, about a third of gross domestic product. Talk on tapering that support — which carries the potential to boost Treasury yields and the dollar, tarnishing gold’s appeal — is moving closer.

SkyBridge, a fund-of-funds manager, has a small exposure to a gold miner that’s leveraged to a continued gold price rally. Its primary exposures are to U.S. cash-flow-generative strategies, backed by tangible assets, distressed corporate credit and convertible-bond arbitrage among others. The company’s Bitcoin fund is up 51.2% since its inception last December through to June 1.

SkyBridge founder Anthony Scaramucci has teamed up with First Trust Advisors on an exchange-traded fund that plans to buy and sell Bitcoin, and Gayeski expects the Securities and Exchange Commission to approve the product by the fourth quarter of 2021 or the first quarter of next year.

“The only reason we exist professionally is to find interesting ways to generate attractive non-correlated returns that also have an attractive risk-reward profile,” said Gayeski. “The mix of strategies in our broader portfolio is amplified by having a small-but-meaningful position in alternatives to fiat currencies like Bitcoin.”



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5 Advantages of Model Tenancy Act Every Tenant And Landlord Should Know

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1. Higher security deposit concern addressed:

Until now, tenant community particularly in metros including Bengaluru, Mumbai and Chennai faced hardship as security deposit for renting a premise in these cities went as high as five to ten months of the rent. But now on security deposit is fixed at two months rentals for residential real estate. Furthermore, when the let-out property is vacated, the law stipulates that owners or landlords of the property need to return the full caution or security money within a one month period.

2.	Unlocking of idle residential units will keep high rentals in check:

2. Unlocking of idle residential units will keep high rentals in check:

As the new law in the tenancy regime would work on unlocking idle residential units and make them available to potential tenants, increased/adequate residential supply in the rental market will ensure that rentals do not surge irrationally as is the case currently in Mumbai where professionals and other migrants need to settle in far-off locations, the reason being rentals there are not affordable.

3.	NRIs will begin to rent out their properties in India in increased number:

3. NRIs will begin to rent out their properties in India in increased number:

As the MTA incorporates several of the owner or landlord friendly guidelines in respect of transfer of rent agreement, property damages and sub-letting (i.e. the tenant cannot sub-let part or whole of the property to someone else), the move will help in pushing NRIs to rent out their homes in India in increased number. So, probably NRI-owned homes which until now remained unproductive and non-utilized will be available in the rental space.

4.	Both tenants and landlords interest is taken care of in the MTA:

4. Both tenants and landlords interest is taken care of in the MTA:

Landlords or those with investment in residential property are apprehensive of renting out their property for a number of concerns such as fear of losing their real estate asset to the tenant (quite a common practice in older days wherein tenant who lived for a substantial time period in the let-out premise used to take hold of the property by wrong means), rental delays and even over-stay of tenants beyond the rent agreement.

Landlord interest or concerns that are addressed:

But now, tenants who do not adhere or follow the rental agreement clause (such as overstay in the let out premise beyond what was agreed upon or make delays in respect of rental payment), will be heavily fined. Notably in case of overstay even after the rental agreement has expired, tenant will need to compensate the landlord by paying double the rent for 2 months, which in some cases may go up to four times.

What Tenants get as per MTA Act?

For the tenant also there is respite as all the maintenance and repair work is to be taken care of by the landlord. This is true in respect of whitewashing of walls, windows and doors. For carrying out any repair or replacement at the let-out property, the landowner needs to give a prior notice of 24 hours.

Furthermore, the landlord cannot hike the rent in the middle of the tenure. Likewise before implementing the rental hike, he or she i.e. the landlord would have to give a written notice at least 3 months prior to revision of rent.

Now, even if the two parties in the rental contract i.e. landlord and tenant do not share a cordial relationship or there is dispute between them of some nature then landlord cannot cut water and power supply to tenants as per the MTA Act.

5.	Rent Court or Rent Authority in the offing:

5. Rent Court or Rent Authority in the offing:

Keeping the best interest of landlords in mind and in a bid to increase the supply of rental accommodations, the centre is keen on coming up with Rent Court or Rent Authority in each of the state and Union Territory for faster resolution of any grievance pertaining to rental matters. In fact a deliberation is also being made to come up with separate courts for dealing with rent related issues.

GoodReturns.in



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10 Best Blockchain Startups In India TO Watch Out For In 2021

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Signzy

Signzy company was founded in 2015 and is headquartered in Bangalore. Ankit Ratan, Arpit Ratan, and Ankur Pandey launched Signzy to merge AI and blockchain to create products that are user-friendly, compliant, and, most importantly, safe. Signzy’s major products are RealKYC, Digital Contracts, and ARI. Signzy received over $3.6 million in Series A funding from Stellaris and Kalaari in 2018. This has been one of the finest blockchain startups since 2015, and it will continue to be one of the finest in 2020.

InstaDapp

InstaDapp

Hyderabad, India-based On Ethereum, Instadapp is one of the most well-known decentralized finance platforms. InstaDapp promises to facilitate app creation by promoting interoperability between multiple DeFi blockchain protocols, allowing developers to fully exploit the technology’s potential. InstaDApp is a DeFi site that uses a smart wallet layer and bridge contracts to aggregate the key protocols. For the Jain brothers, the hackathon proved to be a watershed occasion. They came up with the name Instadapp for their hack. They were discussing Decentralised finance (or DeFi for short) – a blockchain-based finance network that allows people to lend and borrow money from others, as well as earn interest in savings accounts.

KoineArth

KoineArth

Using a programmable state machine for digital assets, KoineArth’s Nash platform provides solution frameworks that can be customized to provide a wide range of real-world blockchain use cases. Nash creates a set of incentive structures that make token-based economics easier to integrate into blockchain applications. In a game theory environment, these incentive systems can regulate asset access and ownership.

Koinearth’s marketsN is an ERP-compatible Blockchain and AI-based solution enabling enterprises to collaborate.

Close collaboration among suppliers, logistics, service providers, distributors, and others is required for a successful value supply chain. MarketsN dismantles silos by establishing a trusted source of data and contracts that spans enterprises and divisions. With only a few clicks, you can construct a digital twin of your value chain, giving you a cost edge over competitors that rely on traditional IT.

Matic Network

Matic Network

Jayanti Kanani, Sandeep Nailwal, and Anurag Arjun created Matic Network, a Bengaluru-based firm. It was launched with a public Token Sale in April 2019, during which the company raised $5,600,000.

Matic achieves scale by utilizing side chains for off-chain processing, as well as the Plasma framework and a decentralized network of Proof-of-Stake (PoS) validators to ensure asset security. This allows a single Matic sidechain to process up to 65k transactions per second, compared to only 20TPS on Ethereum.

WazirX

WazirX

WaziX has set itself apart from other cryptocurrency exchanges and trading platforms. It was, for example, the first Indian exchange to launch a native token, the WazirX token (WRX), which helped to accelerate user growth and community participation on the site. The platform also introduced the Smart Token Fund (STF), a community-driven effort that allows cryptocurrency fans to connect with smart traders and expand their cryptocurrency portfolios on WazirX. WazirX was recently bought by Binance, the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchange and blockchain ecosystem by total volume traded, with over 180 countries represented among its users.

CoinDCX

CoinDCX

CoinDCX is an Indian cryptocurrency exchange platform. As a base currency, it accepts BTC, ETH, and USDT. CoinDCX was launched on April 8th, 2018 with the goal of providing a user-friendly experience where users can access a wide selection of financial goods and services, all of which are backed by industry-leading security and insurance protection. CoinDCX is an ISO-certified organization that offers the industry’s best liquidity and the quickest onboarding process. Capital, Coinbase Ventures, Bain Capital Ventures, and HDR Group have invested a total of 5.5 million dollars in CoinDCX.

Most of the Cryptocurrency exchanges are backed by blockchain technology. BUt there are other startups that use blockchain technology use cases to make the process easy and hassle free.

MindDeft

MindDeft

Ahmedabad-based MindDeft, since its inception in 2015, this startup has focused on producing blockchain apps for efficient corporate processes. Krunal Soni founded MindDeft to assist businesses in selecting Dapps and smart contracts that meet their needs. Cryptocurrency creation, smart contracts, token sales, private blockchain, distributed ledger, and legal contracts are among their offerings. For its numerous projects, this startup has used platforms like as Ethereum, Hyperledger, Stellar, Quorum, EOS, Tron, and R3 Corda.

Somish

Somish

Somish, which was founded in 2006, is one of India’s fastest-growing IT startups. It began exploring Blockchain Technology in 2016 and has since had the opportunity to collaborate with Fortune 500 companies, governments, and startups all around the world to develop award-winning, proven products. Building on the investments, Indian state governments are considering using the Blockchain governance model to develop proactive e-Government frameworks to drastically improve the service delivery model inside their states – where individuals obtain services and entitlements proactively.

Primechain

Primechain

Primechain is a blockchain ecosystem that comes complete with a working web application, a mobile Progressive Web App, and a Blockchain REST API service in 6 minutes (or less). Primechain is for you if you need to build a strong blockchain-powered solution, whether you’re a one-person company or a multinational corporation. Primechain Technologies, founded in 2016 by Rohas Nagpal and Shinam Arora, creates blockchain-based solutions for India’s banking sector.

PSI PHI Blockchain Lab

PSI PHI Blockchain Lab

Psi Phi Blockchain Labs is a startup that develops blockchain-based document storage solutions. Crypto Locker, which can be used to store and distribute documents on blockchain via APIs, is one of the company’s two products. As of December 2016, Digi Rail is still in development as a multi-party shared database to optimise supply chain data flow. The company claims to be concentrating on the healthcare and supply chain industries, and to be developing blockchain-based products in these fields.



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PNB expects to triple FY22 net profit, identifies Rs 8,000 crore NPAs for NARCL

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On loan growth, Rao said, “At the conservative-level, we would like to show a growth rate of 8% if the economy moves on expected lines where the GDP growth is 9.5% and the Covid-19 impact is reduced or eliminated by June.”

India’s second-largest lender Punjab National Bank (PNB) expects to triple its net profit during the current financial year to Rs 6,000 crore, compared to Rs 2,022 crore during FY21, MD and CEO SS Mallikarjuna Rao said on Saturday.

The lender also expects to grow its loan book by 8% during FY22, despite Covid-related impacts. However, the domestic advances of the lender had declined 3% year on year (YoY) to Rs 7.19 lakh crore during the March quarter (Q4FY21).

“For FY22, our net profit should not be less than Rs 6,000 crore at the conservative level. It all depends on credit growth, demand in the economy,” PNB MD SS Mallikarjuna Rao said on Saturday during the earnings call. Rao, however, mentioned that accurate estimation could be done after the end of the first quarter of FY22.

On loan growth, Rao said, “At the conservative-level, we would like to show a growth rate of 8% if the economy moves on expected lines where the GDP growth is 9.5% and the Covid-19 impact is reduced or eliminated by June.”

The lender has identified non-performing assets (NPAs) worth Rs 8,000 crore that it will transfer to the National Asset Reconstruction Company (NARCL), Rao said. However, the operational guidelines are in the final stages, and the decision whether such assets will have to be transferred to NARCL at net book value, is yet to be taken, Rao added.

With regard to PNB Housing Finance, Rao said, the bank would not divest its stake in the housing finance company. However, the stake of PNB will be diluted to around 20% due to equity raising issue by the housing financier.

PNB Housing Finance’s board has approved a capital raise of up to Rs 4,000 crore by issuing equity shares and convertible warrants to entities led by Carlyle Group firms.

PNB on Friday reported a net profit of Rs 586 crore for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, on the back of higher net interest income and other income.

The bank had reported a loss of Rs 697 crore in the year- ago quarter. It’s net interest income (NII) rose 48% YoY to Rs 6,937 crore during the March quarter.

Similarly, non-interest income rose 48% YoY to Rs 3,742 crore in the quarter under review. However, provisions fell 4.39% during the quarter to Rs 4,686 crore.

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This Stock Has An Upside Target Of 61% From Current Levels

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Investment

oi-Roshni Agarwal

|

The stock of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. (ONGC) in early trade on June 4 hit a new 52-week high of Rs. 126.7 per share, surging over 3 percent against the previous closing price of Rs. 122.5 per share on the NSE.

On the headline indices, the scrip of oil drilling and exploration major was among the top gainers this week.

This Stock Has An Upside Target Of 61% From Current Levels

This Stock Has An Upside Target Of 61% From Current Levels

JP Morgan bullish on ONGC scrip

This is after global brokerage firm JP Morgan maintained its bullish outlook on the company, considering its favourable risk-reward ratio. In its Asia Pacific Equity Research dated June 3, 2021, JP Morgan is overweight on the scrip of ONGC and has given a price target of Rs. 190 to be achieved by December 2021

With complete pass-through of $70 per barrel, discount to brent should narrow, said JPMorgan.

” While ONGC’s stock price is at the highest level since February 2020, we believe the discount to Brent prices has widened materially given the rally in crude prices. With India’s retail fuel prices reflecting nearly $70/bbl Brent, we believe subsidy worries are misplaced. While on consensus earning the stock is trading at 6 xFY 23 P/E, we believe this reflects-$50/bbl oil, and on spot $70/bbl, ONGC is trading at 3x P/E, said JP Morgan.

With oil prices outlook firmly biased towards the upside, we see a large consensus earnings upgrade cycle ahead and believe the stock is positioned similarly to metals last year with pessimism on the outlook of underlying commodity (oil prices), material under-ownership and hence risk reward is attractive at current prices, it added.

GoodReturns.in

Story first published: Saturday, June 5, 2021, 22:48 [IST]



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Do shareholders gain from Britannia’s bonus debentures?

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Sujoy and Minnie, two working professionals met up over Teams, to share notes on their investments.

Sujoy: Hi Minnie! How are you spending your time?

Minnie: Mostly on the Cowin app, trying to get a slot. And, there’s my first love – playing the markets.

Sujoy: Nowadays it’s easier to make money on the markets than book vaccine slots, I must say. I called for a very specific thing, Minnie. I read somewhere that Britannia, the cake and biscuit company is issuing bonus debentures. I know it’s a solid company, so how do I invest in them?

Minnie: A bonus debenture issue, unlike a normal one from a company, isn’t open to the public. Britannia is issuing these debentures to its existing shareholders only. For every Britannia share, they’ll get one free bonus debenture.

Sujoy: Oh, the free part sounds good, but how is this different from dividends or bonus shares?

Minnie: When a company pays out a dividend, it simply distributes a part of its retained profits to its shareholders. In bonus issues, it issues free shares against equity already held. In the case of bonus debentures, the company issues free bonds to its shareholders. It promises to pay regular interest and the principal at maturity. In Britannia’s case, if you held 10 shares, you will get 10 debentures of face value of ₹29 each. You will get interest at 5.5 per cent (of ₹29). At the end of 3 years, you will get ₹290.

Sujoy: But in a normal bonus issue, I would get Britannia shares which add to my long-term portfolio and returns!

Minnie: When you get bonus shares, their value may go up or down over the years. But here, you are getting an assured return. I agree that the benefit however, is much smaller. Against a Britannia share of over ₹3400 apiece, you are getting a bonus debenture worth ₹29 and an even smaller interest on it.

Sujoy: Why do companies do this?

Minnie: Britannia’s intent is to reward shareholders. Instead of paying dividend at one go, it now gets to retain the money for a few years and use it for expansion or to repay debt. In a normal debenture, Britannia would pay interest to outsiders. Here, it converts part of its retained profits into debt and pay interest to its own shareholders. Plus, interest is tax deductible.

Sujoy: Then why don’t more companies do it?

Minnie: Well, a few have – HUL, NTPC and Britannia. But the issue of bonus debentures is complicated requiring a scheme of arrangement, NCLT approval etc.

Sujoy: So net-net I can’t buy these debentures?

Minnie: These will be listed on the bourses. If some shareholder sells, you can grab them!

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Can you afford home-based medical care?

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There is no denying the fact that it takes some effort to care for old people or those recovering from illness. In normal times, assisted care facilities or clinics were a choice to support care-givers who may not be able to manage things at home. But now, with Covid infection worries and the pressures on availability of medical facility, the need for home-based care is surging.

While the availability of services may be limited in smaller town, those in cities are increasingly finding more options for home-based, light medical support needs of patients. This apart, services for wellness, food and essentials as well as help with activities associated with daily living, available now – can be a good value-addition for those recovering well. For instance, apart from health services, with lockdowns causing difficulty in getting basics such as grocery, you can sign up for various subscription services that offer home management packages for ₹7,500 per month.

Available health services

The primary requests are for Covid-19 patient care. Also, data shows that majority of patients experience only mild symptoms and can recover at home, with some level of remote medical monitoring and care. Likewise, patients are also increasingly being discharged from hospitals once they are on the path to recovery, to free-up beds ; But they may often continue to require monitoring post hospitalization to avoid a relapse.

Towards this, many hospitals and clinics offer home quarantine services and stay-at-home recovery programs. The plans include consultations with doctors, remote monitoring of vitals by nurses, expert counsellor, nutritionist, and physiotherapist. The service period may be for two weeks. The plans are priced around ₹20,000, but costs vary based on city and the services . If the symptoms are mild, you can take a lower support package – that does not come with regular monitoring and nurse helpline – for a lower cost of about ₹10,000.

If the patient was hospitalized, many hospitals now offer their own service offerings for post-discharge monitoring and recovery care. This may include not just tele-consult, but also home-visits for testing, nursing and care-takers. These services are also made available to all patients, not just limited to Covid ones. Costs vary from ₹1600 to 8000 for 24-hour care, based on the level of care (for example, skill level of nurse, based on patient’s need), agreement period (daily, weekly or longer-term) and location (metros vs smaller cities). Care-taker charges could be ₹600-4,000 per day, based on whether food is included, stay is required and requirement of activities such as cooking.

There are also private clinics and other providers in major cities who are bringing various medical services – including X-rays, special medical equipment on rent and procedures such as dialysis – to your home. The costs of some of these may be higher than doing it at a facility. A doctor visit may cost ₹500-1,000 and a nurse visit about ₹200-500. Typically, service providers do not charge additional fees, but those who take a subscription fee act as a relationship manager and offer curated set of service provider options.

Comparing options

The benefits of homecare are clear and the good thing is that is is also cheaper than full hospitalisation or stay at assisted homes. For example, your hospital bill, even if the patient does not get specialized procedures, will be a few thousand rupees a day and a week’s stay may set you back by upto one lakh rupees. Likewise, stay at assisted living homes may cost you over ₹1 lakh a month, while care at home with a nurse and expenses for food may only cost half as much. The choice however must not be made on cost economics – homecare without reliable caretaker and nurse plus a family or friend nearby to provide emergency assistance, can be risky. The home must also be safe and suitable – wheel-chair use, design to avoid slips and falls, hand-rails must be added to meet the needs of people requiring assistance.

The author is an independent financial consultant

(This is a free article from the BusinessLine premium Portfolio segment. For more such content, please subscribe to The Hindu BusinessLine online.)

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Why long-term Sensex targets resemble a house of cards

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“The only function of economic forecasting is to make astrology look respectable” – those are the words of one of the famous economists of the 20th century – John Kenneth Galbraith. Sometimes though, stock market pundits try to find their place in the quote, replacing economists, with overly aggressive Sensex and Nifty targets for the long term. Crystal-ball gazing is fun and might also give a perspective, but when it comes to making predictions that can influence people’s decision with their hard-earned money, baking in some caution will not hurt.

Low credibility risk

Long-term targets are safe to make for market observers because, by the time we reach that point in time in future for which the prediction was made, the world is caught up with things relevant to that point in time with scant memory or regard for predictions made 10 years back. Hence, one can make bold predictions on where Sensex will be in 2030 or 2050 without much risk of losing credibility. Mention the risks and make footnotes, one also has a useful excuse, if a question is raised in future.

For example, in 2010, there was a report predicting that we could be a $4.5-trillion economy by 2020. Well, we barely managed to reach $3 trillion by 2020. That’s like aiming for 100 and scoring 65! This highlights how long-term forecasting can be way off the mark. Today, no one is really bothered about what was predicted in 2010 on where economy would be in 2020. While one could argue many unexpected things happened, it is entirely plausible that in a long time frame unexpected things will happen. That no margin of safety is sometimes factored in for unexpected events while forecasting for the long term is probably a reason why Galbraith considered astrologers better off.

Human beings, in general, tend to have a cognitive social bias known as the ‘hot hand fallacy’. This bias is a result of extrapolating past success to the future. For example, after more than a doubling of Sensex from its March 2020 lows, something which no one predicted, market bulls may tend to extrapolate this into the long term, driven by confidence in market performance over the last year. When such optimism from recent events is extended to a 10-year period, there is a very high probability of missing the target by a wide margin.

If one observes closely, headline-grabbing long-term targets are shelled out only during times of optimism and euphoria in markets. Why is this not done during a bear market? Ideally, for the long term, one short bear market should not matter, isn’t it? This is reflective of forecasters being influenced by recent trends and events.

Investors, however, need to note that the fundamental value of an asset is the same, irrespective of the perception of market participants and recent returns. The more the asset gets valued now factoring in optimistic scenarios, the lower will be its future returns and vice versa. Hence, the time to get cautious on long-term returns is after a period of exceptional returns like in the last one year when a lot of optimism about the future is already priced in.

Holistic analysis absent

‘You torture a data long enough it will confess’ — in general, humans have a tendency to be selective in data analysis and ignore contrary data points in a way that is in sync with their line of thinking. There is a phenomenon called motivated reasoning where we come to conclusions that we are predisposed to believe in. Hence, a market bull may be influenced by motivated reasoning to give aggressive long-term targets like 2,00,000 for the Sensex by 2030, and another to give a target of 1,00,000 by 2025. Bears too may be under the influence of motivated reasoning, but they usually are more focussed on the near term.

A holistic analysis of the data will pose strong questions to test the assumptions based on which bullish targets are given out. For example, some of the optimistic Sensex targets are based on expectations that India can grow its nominal GDP by 12-13 per cent over the next decade from the current around $3 trillion. The growth rate of China since 2006, when its GDP was at $3 trillion, is assumed to play out in India. Whether this plays or not itself is in doubt as India and China economies have a lot of structural differences.

Besides, if we expect to grow like China, we must also analyse why since 2006 to 2020, when the Chinese economy grew at 12 per cent, the major Chinese index — SSE Composite — gave CAGR returns of only 7.5 per cent. There is an implicit assumption that market returns in India will be above the nominal GDP CAGR which is required to achieve long-term targets. While a few data points may be supportive of this assumption, a lot of data points will also be supportive of the alternate assumption that market CAGR could be lower.

Similarly, another thing to question is current long-term targets are based on aggressive CAGRs from current index level when the index is trading at around 50 per cent premium to 10-year average trailing PE and 30 per cent premium to five-year average. Reaching Sensex level of 200,000 by 2030, for instance, implies that these valuations will sustain, based on the GDP/corporate earnings growth assumed. This, then, would also require that in the year 2030, interest rates in India and the developed countries are at historically low levels like now and quantitative easing (QE) by global central banks is in full flow, as these are factors that have driven the current premium valuation vs historical levels. Alternatively, in the absence of low interest rates and QE, what factor would justify the current premium PE valuation to be the prevailing PE valuation in 2030? Thus, the assumptions made must be taken with a pinch of salt.

Whether it is economy or Sensex targets for the ultra long-term, don’t fall for it now. The future in a dynamically changing world is more uncertain than ever. Some predictions may turn true out of luck, many will not.

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