FPIs pull out net Rs 6,105 cr from Indian capital mkts so far this fiscal, BFSI News, ET BFSI

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Foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) pulled out a net Rs 6,105 crore from the Indian capital markets so far in the ongoing financial year amid the pandemic and resultant restrictions in many parts of the country. The equity benchmark BSE Sensex has jumped 3,077.69 points or 6.21 per cent during April-July this fiscal.

Reflecting an upbeat sentiment in the market, the benchmark had reached its all-time high of 53,290.81 on July 16, 2021. It closed at its lifetime high of 53,158.85 on July 15.

According to the depositories data, Rs 6,707 crore were withdrawn on a net basis from equities during the initial four months of this fiscal.

At the same time, a net sum of Rs 602 crore was invested in the debt segment.

This took the total net withdrawal to Rs 6,105 crore during the period under review.

The data showed that FPIs were net sellers in all the months barring June when they had invested Rs 13,269 crore.

The net outflow stood at Rs 9,435 crore in April, Rs 2,666 crore in May and Rs 7,273 in July.

“What is encouraging during the first four months is the fact that the number of new investor registrations in India is up 2.5 times year on year as per data released by the NSE,” said S Ranganathan, head of research at LKP Securities.

Market experts noted that the financial year started with a surge in COVID-19 cases and the consequent restrictions imposed by various states which dented investors’ sentiment.

June witnessed a gradual opening up of the localised lockdown and improved investor sentiments on the back of consistently falling coronavirus cases in the country, hopes of an early opening of the economy along with good quarterly results as per Himanshu Srivastava, associate director – manager research, Morningstar India.

“FPIs started to turn cautious towards Indian equity markets from mid of June and continued with the same stance through July. US Fed‘s hawkish statement that it might raise interest rates much earlier than assumed was the precursor for the change in their stance,” Srivastava added.

He further said that there are outflows but they are not exorbitantly high and this signifies that foreign investors are adopting a cautious stance towards Indian equities rather than turning negative on it.

Going forward, on the back of US Fed monetary policy which is keeping its benchmark policy rate unchanged, while indicating that they have begun talking about scaling back bond buying, and rising crude oil prices, FPI flows in the domestic market is expected to remain volatile, said Shrikant Chouhan, executive vice president, equity technical research at Kotak Securities.



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Buy This Stock, There Are 2 Big Triggers – Divestment and Dividends

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BPCL, dividend of Rs 58 per share

The stock of BPCL is available at a dividend of Rs 58 per share, which was a record dividend declared by the board of directors. Let’s assume that you buy the share of BPCL at the current market price of Rs 445, and hold the shares maybe until Sept, to receive the dividends. Your cost of acquisition becomes only Rs 387.

Now, the dividend yield thus jumps, but the company is unlikely to declare the same dividend next year. So, if you are buying the stock for a regular dividends every year, just forget it, the same is not going to happen.

What we are trying to tell you here is that it reduces your cost of buying the shares to Rs 387, which is a good bet to buy the stock of BPCL. We are not sure when the dividend will be credited, but, the possibility could be later in the month of Sept.

Divestment - the next big trigger for the stock

Divestment – the next big trigger for the stock

The divestment talk in BPCL, whereby the government plans to sell its entire stake in the company has been on for sometime now. However, it is possible that it could happen before March of next year.

According to reports the government was trying to conclude the planned big-ticket disinvestments, including privatisation of fuel retailer-cum-refiner BPCL and despite Covid-induced constraints, department of investment and public asset management (Dipam) secretary Tuhin Kanta Pandey, said recently.

Now, given the strain the government is facing with the fiscal deficit, it is highly possible that we would see the conclusion of divestment, which could be another reason to buy the stock of BPCL.

Brokerages initiate buy on the stock of BPCL

Brokerages initiate buy on the stock of BPCL

Two top brokerages, ICICI Direct and Motilal Oswal had initiated a buy coverage on the stock in their reports on BPCL.

“BPCL posted better-than-estimated profitability, driven by better marketing volumes and refining/marketing margin, further aided by inventory gains. The company made huge progress towards privatization in FY21, despite challenges posed by COVID-19, by streamlining its subsidiaries (divested its entire stake in Numaigarh Refinery, consolidated its stake in Bharat Oman Refineries, merged BGRL with BPCL) and sold off its trust shares,” brokerage firm Motilal Oswal said in a report.

At the moment, the shares have BPCL have gone nowhere, thanks to rising crude prices. There has been no momentum in the stock at all over the last few weeks. However, BPCL share price has now slumped to Rs 445, which make it a great stock to pick for the divestment and dividends trigger.

Disclaimer

Disclaimer

Investing in stocks poses a risk of financial losses. Investors must therefore exercise due caution. Greynium Information Technologies, the author, and the brokerage houses are not liable for any losses caused as a result of decisions based on the article. Investors should take care because the markets are near record highs.



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5 Nifty Dividend Stocks That Gave Returns Over 150% In The Last Year

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How is Dividend Yield calculated?

The entire dividend amount in the previous 12 months (determined based on ex-dividend date) prior to the rebalancing reference data is used to compute each company’s dividend yield, which is calculated using average market capitalization for the one-year period ending in January.

Those listed in the top 25 by yearly dividend yield will be required to be included in the index, while companies ranked below 75 will be required to be omitted. The last 50 companies will be chosen based on their higher dividend yield.

Dividend Yield = Cash Dividend per share / Market Price per share * 100 is the formula for calculating dividend yield. Assume a business with a stock price of Rs 100 declares a Rs 10 per share dividend.

In that situation, the stock’s dividend yield will be 10/100*100 = 10%.

5 Nifty Dividend Stocks That Gave Returns Over 150% In The Last Year

5 Nifty Dividend Stocks That Gave Returns Over 150% In The Last Year

Company YTD 1 Year Return
Tata Steel Ltd 66.19 291.24
Central Depository Services 103.07 282.77
Cyient 48.23 203.41
Natl. Aluminium 59.15 187.69
Mindtree 38.02 164.37

Tata Steel

Tata Steel

Tata Steel Limited, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, is an Indian multinational steel-making company based in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. The Tata Group owns the company. Its share price today is 1433.75. It currently has a market capitalization of Rs 172640.62 crore. The company reported gross sales of Rs. 648690 crores and a total income of Rs. 655068.9 crores in the most recent quarter.

Tata Steel Ltd. has given an equity dividend of Rs 37.50 per share in the last 12 months. This equates to a dividend yield of 2.61 percent at the current share price of Rs 1434.30. In a year, the stock returned 284.27% percent, 125.63% percent in six months, and 23.35% percent in a month.

  • Market Cap: Rs 172640.62
  • Earning Per Share: Rs113.00
  • Price To Earnings (P/E) Ratio: 12.69

Central Depository Services

Central Depository Services

Central Depository Services (India) Ltd., founded in 1997, is a Small Cap firm in the Financial Services industry with a market cap of Rs 13,913.65 crore. The stock gained 401.39 percent over three years, compared to 47.35 percent for the Nifty Midcap 100. Its share price presently is 1331.45. It currently has a market capitalization of Rs 13913.65 crore. The company reported gross sales of Rs. 1681.52 crores and total income of Rs. 2113.89 crores in the most recent quarter. Since August 9, 2018, Central Depository Services (India) Ltd. has issued three dividends.

Central Depository Services (India) Ltd. has issued an equity dividend of Rs 4.50 per share in the last 12 months. This translates to a dividend yield of 0.34 percent at the current share price of Rs 1331.45. In a year, the stock returned 284.27% percent, 125.63% percent in six months, and 23.35% percent in a month.

  • Market Cap: Rs 13913.65
  • Earning Per Share: Rs 15.32
  • Price To Earnings (P/E) Ratio: 86.93

Cyient

Cyient

The stock gained 41.57 percent over three years, compared to 47.35 percent for the Nifty Midcap 100. Cyient Ltd., founded in 1991, is a Mid Cap business in the IT Software sector with a market capitalization of Rs 10,863.67 crore. Its share price presently is 986.35. It currently has a market capitalization of Rs 10861.16 crore.

Since August 11, 2000, Cyient Ltd. has declared 33 dividends. Cyient Ltd. has declared an equity dividend of Rs 17.00 per share in the last 12 months. This equates to a dividend yield of 1.72 percent at the current share price of Rs 986.70. In a year, the stock returned 203.69% percent, 59.28% percent in six months, and 11.56% percent in a month.

  • Market Cap: Rs 10861.16
  • Earning Per Share: Rs
  • Price To Earnings (P/E) Ratio: 38.97

National Aluminum Company

National Aluminum Company

NALCO, or National Aluminium Company Limited, is a government-owned corporation with integrated and diversified operations in mining, metals, and power under the Ministry of Mines, Government of India. The government of India currently owns 51.5 percent of NALCO.

This stock has returned 50.68 percent over the previous three years, compared to 47.35 percent for the Nifty Midcap 100. Since August 22, 2000, National Aluminium Company Ltd. has declared 38 dividends.

National Aluminium Company Ltd. has declared an equity dividend of Rs 2.50 per share in the last 12 months. This results in a dividend yield of 2.67 percent at the current share price of Rs 93.50.

  • Market Cap: Rs 17154.14
  • Earning Per Share: Rs 7.08
  • Price To Earnings (P/E) Ratio: 13.20

MindTree

MindTree

MindTree Ltd., founded in 1999, is a Mid Cap business in the IT Software sector with a market capitalization of Rs 47,199.98 crore. Its share price presently is 2863.85. It currently has a market capitalization of Rs 47178.51 crore. The company reported gross sales of Rs. 79678 crores and a total income of Rs. 81195 crores in the most recent quarter.

The stock gained 200.05 percent over three years, compared to 37.87 percent for the Nifty 100.

Since July 9, 2007, MindTree Ltd. has declared 45 dividends. MindTree Ltd. has declared an equity dividend of Rs 25.00 per share in the last 12 months. This translates to a dividend yield of 0.87 percent at the current share price of Rs 2865.20.

  • Market Cap: Rs 47178.51
  • Earning Per Share: Rs 75.32
  • Price To Earnings (P/E) Ratio: 38.02

Should You Invest In Dividend Yield Stocks?

Should You Invest In Dividend Yield Stocks?

One method to build wealth and receive a constant source of income is to invest in dividend-yield companies. Dividend-paying stocks offer investors two opportunities to profit: stock price increase and dividend payouts from the firm. Dividends are a percentage of a company’s earnings that it distributes to its shareholders. An investor in dividend yield companies benefits from both dividend income and capital appreciation. However, before investing in such stocks in the hopes of collecting dividends, one should review the company’s financial statements, look at its dividend payment history, and assess its market repute. Note that past performance is not a indication of future growth.



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Top 7 Best Popular Money Transfer Services To-From India 2021: SBI USA, Remitly, Western Union, Moneygram

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Remitly

With over 140,000 agent locations worldwide, Remitly facilitates transfers from 17 countries to over 50 receiving countries.

Remitly is one of the most well-known names in the sector, with a reputation for low costs and a well-designed mobile app. It accepts a variety of payment methods, including bank transfers, cash pickup, and even home delivery. When you send $1,001 or more, there are no costs. When shipping from the United States to India, compare our non-promotional rates and costs.

Customer service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and there is a money-back guarantee.

Support transfer to NRE and NRO accounts.

Recipients can now pick up their money at 100,000+ cash pick-up locations, including Punjab National Bank, EbixCash, Weizmann Forex, Muthoot Fincorp, and others.

The amount of a markup above the mid-market rate will be determined by the currencies and amounts being sent. Remitly often charges a rate that is 1% to 2% higher than the mid-market rate.

STATE BANK OF INDIA, USA

STATE BANK OF INDIA, USA

USD to INR conversion rates that are both attractive and competitive

One of the FASTEST ways to send money to India, with transfers arriving in as little as a few hours! You can submit transfers in three ways: online, via the SBIC Mobile App, or at any SBIC branch. There are no fees on any amount transferred via the SBIC Mobile App or Online Remittance Service. Over $1000, you get a free transfer and a daily transfer limit of $10000.

State Bank of India operates branches in California, New York, and Chicago in the United States. Unlike SBI locations in India, the US branch offers a limited range of services. To use the remittance services, you must first open an account with the SBI USA office.

Western Union

Western Union

Western Union is most recognized for its bank transfer, money order, bill payment, and gift card services, as the company invented money transfer. On their website, they feature a price estimator tool that allows users to determine money owed, transaction fees, and so on. The time it takes them to transfer money ranges from minutes to days. You can receive up to $2,500 USD (or its equivalent in INR) every transfer, as per government regulations.

All Indian nationals are eligible for a maximum cash payout of Rs 50,000; payouts in excess of Rs 50,000 will be made only via local crossed cheque.

Transfast

Transfast

Transfast is a New York-based worldwide money transfer and cross-border payments corporation with operations in India (Kochi, Pune, Jalandhar, and Hoshiarpur), the United Arab Emirates, and the Philippines. Mastercard is the owner of Transfast. Consumers and businesses all over the world use the company’s multi-currency, cross-border payment services. The company’s entirely owned direct-to-bank network processes remittances, and it has 200,000 cash payout locations in 120 countries. Deposits are made instantly to major banks such as HDFC, Axis, Kotak Mahindra, and others. Highly competitive exchange rates and a FREE bank account transfer above $1000. You can use their Fasttrack service for an instant to 24hrs money transfers using a bank or debit card.

WorldRemit

WorldRemit

WorldRemit offers money transfers in over 90 currencies to over 150 countries, with over two million people using their services last year.

They provide a variety of foreign money transfer options, including bank deposits, cash pickups, and mobile money. Most transactions are completed in minutes, with cheap costs and a transparent exchange rate. WorldRemit has an above-average rating of 4.4 out of 5 on Trustpilot, with over 4 million reviews from customers around the world.

There are over 150 nations in which we have a presence.

Transfer rates that are quick (90 percent transfers approved in minutes)

To keep your money safe, use a secure encryption system.

Payments can be made using a variety of methods, including debit/credit cards and bank transfers.

Cash pick-up, airtime top-up, and bank transfer are among the delivery alternatives available.

Although WorldRemit imposes a markup on exchange rates, these are still lower than those offered by banks. Normally, the provider does not charge more than a 1%-1.5 percent mark-up.

Transwise

Transwise

You pay a tiny flat charge plus a fixed percentage of the transfer amount (the total cost is always visible upfront). Some payment options charge an additional cost, but it’s usually insignificant. You will always receive the true mid-market exchange rate, with no markup. Allowing you to save a lot of money. There’s no room on Wise for deceptive bank surcharges or creepy hidden fees.

They do, however, charge fees for transfers, which vary depending on how quickly you need the money, how much you’re sending, and which currencies you’re using. These are usually expressed as a percentage of the amount being transferred, and are normally in the range of 0.5 percent.

Moneygram

Moneygram

MoneyGram has around 350,000 agent locations around the world, making it easy to receive money. Quick and simple. Money can be sent directly to your bank account at over 400 different banks across the world. Transfer money immediately to your bank account in India from other countries, or save your loved ones time by sending money directly to their bank accounts.



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Value Investing vs Growth Investing: Which is Better?

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Investment

oi-Sunil Fernandes

By Rahul Shah

|

If Benjamin Graham is the original value investor and Warren Buffett the original moat investor, who would you associate growth investing with?

The name that comes to mind is Peter Lynch.

Lynch, the legendary fund manager at Fidelity, advised investors to choose growth stocks over value stocks.

He even devised a formula for it, arguing how over a long term period, a growth stock will end up giving better returns than a value stock even if growth is available at expensive valuations.

However, if you are a growth investor, don’t break into a celebration just yet.
Just as there are examples of growth beating value, there are also examples of value beating growth.

Let me give you one from real life.

Back in April 2020, I happened to look at two stocks viz. eClerx Services and Page Industries.

eClerx was a classic value stock, growing its earnings at a slow pace. In fact, its earnings were down 20% from the previous year when I was checking it out. However, it seemed like a temporary pullback to me and I felt that the earnings would eventually recover.
Page Industries on the other hand, was a growth investor’s dream come true, growing its earnings at more than 20% over the last five years.

However, what happened to the stock price of the two companies since then may surprise you.

While Page Industries has done well and has seen its stock price go up by 78%, eClerx Services has done even better, and is up an impressive 222%.
Now, that’s interesting. A value stock knocking the daylights out of a true blue growth stock.

What gives? Well, my one word answer to this is ‘valuations’.
Back in April, Page Industries was trading at a princely price to earnings multiple of around 50x. Given its historical growth rate in earnings of 20%-25%, I felt that this was on the higher side.

eClerx services on the other hand, had a low single digit earnings multiple of around 6x.
Thus, investors willing to pay more than 8 times per rupee of profits earned by a growth company like Page Industries as compared to a value stock like eClerx.

I have no idea of the premium that Page Industries deserves over eClerx. What I do know is that it is certainly a lot less than 8x.
Of course, comparing companies from different sectors is like comparing chalk with cheese. However, it still doesn’t make any difference to the point that I am trying to make.

It is not about growth vs value. Always choosing a high growth company over a low growth one irrespective of the underlying valuations, could be a recipe for disaster. As in the case of eClerx services, a low growth company can end up doing much better than a high growth one provided the valuations are attractive.

It was quite evident that at 6x earnings multiple, a company like eClerx Services was quite attractively valued. And at 50x earnings multiple, a company like Page Industries was expensive.

Thus, over a medium term time horizon of 2-3 years, there was always a strong possibility of eClerx outperforming Page Industries and this is exactly what happened.
Thus, the entire thing doesn’t have to be about value vs growth.
The stock that trades at the biggest discount to its intrinsic value should be bought, irrespective of whether it is growth or value.

Given the valuations, it seemed to me that eClerx was trading at a minimum 50% discount to its intrinsic value. In other words, the stock had a potential upside of at least 100%.

Page Industries on the other hand, seemed more or less fairly valued or even slightly overvalued.

My judgement was vindicated with how their respective stock prices have responded over the last one year.

Value Investing vs Growth Investing: Which is Better?

Value Investing vs Growth Investing: Which is Better?

I won’t be surprised if the same pattern is repeated over and over whenever you have to choose between two companies of this kind. So, forget growth or value and focus more on where you are getting a bigger bang for your buck.

About the author

The author, Rahul Shah is Co-Head of Research, Equitymaster.

Story first published: Sunday, August 1, 2021, 7:58 [IST]



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These 2 Stocks Can Rally Up To 36%, Buys Says This Brokerage

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TVS Motors: Buy For 36% upside from current levels

Current market price Rs 579.20
Target price Rs 780

Emkay Global estimates on select TVS Motors select parameters

2021-22 (estimated0 2022-23 (estimated)
EPS 20.4 27.4
P/E 27.6 20.5
Price to book 5.5 4.6

Emkay Global likes the stock of TVS Motors and has said, 2W volume is positive and premium motorcycles/scooters could outperform going ahead. According to the broking firm, the export outlook is also encouraging across most markets, owing to higher commodity prices and better forex availability to importers.

Why Emkay is betting on the stock of TVS Motors?

Why Emkay is betting on the stock of TVS Motors?

According to the broking firm, demand is improving in the domestic market with activities normalizing.

“Rural sales should improve as customer sentiments are positive due to a normal monsoon and healthy reservoir levels. Also, exports are healthy due to improving macros and stable exchange rates in key markets. Covid-19-affected markets such as Bangladesh and Nepal should see improvement from Aug’21. Monthly volumes should sustain at around 100,000 units and EBITDA margin should improve ahead on better scale, price increases and cost savings. Buy the stock with a price target of Rs 780,” the brokerage has said.

SBI Life Insurance

SBI Life Insurance

Broking firm, Prabhudas Lilladher has a buy rating on insurance major SBI Life Insurance. According to the brokerage, margins improve by 250 basis points, YoY & 80 basis points from FY21 to 21.2% and was higher than expectation of 20.6% on actual tax basis.

Current market price Rs 1,099
Target price Rs 1,250

Prabhudas Lilladher estimates on select SBI Life Insurance parameters

2021-22 2022-23
EPS 15.9 22.6
P/E 27.6 20.5
Price to enterprise value 2.7 2.3

Why Prabhudas Lilladher has a buy call on the stock of SBI Life?

Why Prabhudas Lilladher has a buy call on the stock of SBI Life?

According to Prabhudas Lilladher, COVID claims & reserving of Rs 4.4 billion (inclusive Rs 1.8 billion of Q4FY22) is near to industry trends with benefits reaped from mortality changes done in FY21.

“SBI Life Insurance has underperformed peers with valuations lowest in the sector and we believe gradual margin improvement, better cost metrics and growth prospects (strong distribution) will help catch up on valuations. Retain Buy with revised target price of Rs 1,250 (from Rs 1,150) based on 2.5x Sep-23 (rolled over from Mar-23),” the brokerage has said.

As far as the markets are concerned, says Dr. Joseph Thomas, Head Of Research, Emkay Wealth Management on the stock market. “The relatively more important factor to reckon with would be the Chinese ban on exports of certain commodities by Chinese firms including fertilizers may push up the cost of these products for the rest of the world, and may have consequences for trade and commerce in the near term.

Some of these factors may continue to dominate the discussions in the coming weeks too, as the markets reopen for business next week”

Disclaimer

Disclaimer

Investing in stocks poses a risk of financial losses. Investors must therefore exercise due caution. Greynium Information Technologies, the author, and the brokerage houses are not liable for any losses caused as a result of decisions based on the article. Investors should take care because the markets are near record highs.



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Tax Query: Setting off capital losses in delisted shares

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Kindly guide whether there is any method by which capital loss under Income Tax provisions can be set off against the shares which get delisted and are not traded, or have become unmarketable? Please also guide about the tax treatment on equity shares where capital reduction has been effected.

E Madhavan NairAs per the provisions of Section 71 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’), losses under the head of capital gains can be set-off against income under the head of capital gains only. Further, as per the provisions of Section 70 of Act, Short-Term Capital Loss can be set-off against Long-Term or Short-Term Capital Gain. However, Long-Term Capital Loss can be set-off only against Long-Term Capital Gains. Holding period of capital asset determines the nature of Capital Assets viz. a Long-Term Capital Asset or a Short-Term Capital Asset. As per the provisions of the Act, assets in the nature of unlisted equity share would qualify as Long-Term Capital Asset, if at the time of selling, the same has been held for a period of 24 months or more. Otherwise, the same would qualify as Short-Term Capital Asset. In order to answer the query, additional facts and clarity would be required. However, in the instant case, if the subject Capital Loss is Short-Term in nature (to be ascertained based on the period of holding and nature of the asset), such loss can be set off against Short-Term / Long- Term Capital Gain arising from any other capital asset. However, if such loss is Long-Term in nature, the same can be set off against Long-Term Capital Gain arising from any other capital asset. In case of a Capital Reduction, if the shareholders receive any payout the tax treatment as per the provisions of the Act would be twofold as mentioned below:

Taxability as Dividend: As per the provisions of section 2(22)(d), distribution by company on capital reduction (to the extent attributable to its accumulated profits), shall be considered as deemed dividend. It is also important to note that as per the amendments made by Finance Act 2020, companies are no longer required to pay dividend distribution tax. Dividend income is taxable in the hands of the shareholder at applicable slab rates. The payor company would be required to deduct Taxes at Source (TDS) on such dividend under section 194 of the Act at 10 per cent, for dividends paid in cash. For dividends paid via any mode other than cash, TDS shall be required, if aggregate payment exceeds ₹5,000. Taxability as Capital Gain / Loss: Taxation for distribution of profits (over and above accumulated profits) has been a matter of debate. There are judicial precedents which suggest that such distributions shall be regarded as transfer and would result in Capital Gain / Loss in the hands of the shareholder.

The writer is a practising chartered accountant

Send your queries to taxtalk@thehindu.co.in

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Simply Put: New tax regime

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A phone call between two friends leads to a conversation on the new tax regime that one can choose while filing income tax returns starting from assessment year 21-22.

Akhila: Hi. How are you placed this weekend?

Karthik: Planning to do some online reading on income tax return filing.

Akhila: Good. Do you know that you can choose to go with either the old or the new tax regime?

Karthik: Yeah. When I glanced at the ITR form, I found a question saying ‘are you opting for new tax regime u/s 115BAC?’ Do you have any idea on what to opt for?

Akhila: If you choose to continue with the existing tax regime, your income – after the benefit of deductions and exemptions – will be taxed at the applicable existing tax rate. While under the new tax regime, your income will be taxed at lower tax rates but without the benefit of most deductions and exemptions.

Karthik: Lower tax rates! Tell me how much lower compared to the old tax regime?

Akhila: Under the old regime, there were only four income slabs. But under the new regime, there are seven. Earlier, income between ₹5 lakh and ₹10 lakh attracted 20 per cent tax. Under the new tax regime, income slabs of ₹5 lakh to ₹7.5 lakh and more than ₹7.5 lakh to ₹10 lakh attract 10 per cent and 15 per cent tax respectively.

Similarly, earlier, income of more than ten lakh was taxed at 30 per cent. You can choose the new tax regime under which an income of ₹10 lakh to ₹12.5 lakh is taxed at 20 per cent, ₹12.5 lakh to ₹15 lakh at 25 per cent and only above ₹15 lakh at 30 per cent.

Karthik: I think I will go for the new tax regime.

Akhila: Don’t get too excited. You have to do some number crunching to decide what suits you best.

Karthik: Ok, tell me what benefits will I forego if I go for the new tax regime?

Akhila: A lot. The popular Section 80C deductions such as investments in provident fund, national pension scheme, expenses towards life insurance premium and home loan principal repayment; section 80D deductions for medical insurance premium; Section 24 deduction for interest paid on housing loan; and exemption of House Rent Allowance or HRA are some of them. Standard deduction and professional tax deduction available for salaried employees along with tax benefits on leave travel allowance (LTA) are others.

Karthik: Whoa!

Akhila: What is more beneficial – old or new tax regime – depends on a case-to-case basis. So, do your homework.

Karthik: I think I have a bigger task this year. Thanks.

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Why IPOs don’t make you rich

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With recent Initial Public Offers (IPOs) delivering blockbuster returns, are you beating yourself up for not applying? On the face of it, the absolute return of 80 per cent on the Zomato stock or 109 per cent on the Tatva Chintan Pharma stock within a few days of the IPO may appear a huge missed opportunity.

But if you’ve been regretting this, you can rest easy. Retail investors in India have a rather low probability of bagging allotments in fancied IPOs. The more heavily subscribed an IPO, the less your chances of winning the allotment lottery. More important, winning the allotment lottery doesn’t mean much. Retail investors who do get IPO allotments usually get such low quantities of shares that it hardly makes a difference to their wealth – even if prices were to double on listing.

Allotment lottery

To know why, you need to know SEBI’s rules on the allotment process for retail investors in IPOs. Book-built IPOs in India are required by regulations to reserve quotas for QIBs (qualified institutional buyers), Non-Institutional Investors (NIIs) and retail investors. Individual investors placing bids of upto ₹2 lakh are treated as retail and those with bids above ₹2 lakh are classified as NIIs.

Investors who bid in IPOs are required to put in applications for at least one lot of shares. Allotments too are made based on the minimum lot size, which varies across issuers. In the Zomato IPO, one lot was 195 shares, in Tatva Chintan Pharma it was 13 shares and in GR Infraprojects it was 17 shares.

Until 2012, the rules required companies to allot shares to all bidders in a book-built IPO on a proportionate basis. But in 2012, to democratise allotment for retail investors, SEBI decreed that all retail bidders should be allotted at least one lot, irrespective of their application size.

When IPOs are under-subscribed or feature a small retail over-subscription, issuers are able to allot one lot to all retail bidders. But in heavily over-subscribed IPOs, issuers find that there are not enough shares to allot even one lot to all retail applicants. In such cases, they choose retail investors who will get one lot through a lottery system. When an IPO is highly fancied, retail investors need to win this draw of lots to bag any allotment. Even if they get chosen, they can hope to receive only one lot of shares, irrespective of their application size.

Modest gains

How this works is better understood by taking live examples of the recent IPOs. The Zomato IPO for instance, had reserved 12.27 crore shares for retail investors but received 27 lakh valid retail applications for 83.04 crore shares. This made it impossible for it to allot one lot to all retail investors and allotments were decided based on a lottery.

The basis of allotment document shows that retail bidders were allotted shares in the ratio of 116:469 for smaller application sizes and 23:93 for larger ones. That is, in the lottery only one in every four retail bidders got allotment. In line with the rule, all these winning bidders, whether they bid for just one lot (195 shares) or the maximum of 13 lots (2535 shares) received identical allotments of 195 shares.

In effect, whether you put in an application for ₹14,820 (195*₹76) or ₹1.92 lakh (2535*₹76), you received Zomato shares worth just ₹14,820 (if you were lucky). Therefore, the maximum gain that any retail investor could have pocketed on the Zomato IPO till date is ₹11,310. While this may seem like a nice round sum to make in a weeks’ time, it will not make a significant difference to one’s net worth.

The retail allotment pattern in Tatva Chintan Pharma, an even more heavily over-subscribed IPO (retail bids for 35 times) drives home the point more forcefully. Given that the retail quota here saw a mad scramble, only 4 in every 100 retail bidders were allotted shares (allotment ratios were at 16:365 and 5:114). Irrespective of whether a retail investor put in an application for ₹14,079 (one lot) or ₹1.97 lakh (14 lots), he bagged just 13 shares. Despite the stock more than doubling post listing, at the current price of ₹2270, the maximum gain that any retail investor could have made is ₹15,431.

The NII gambit

If ‘democratic’ allotments in the retail quotas of IPOs prevents you from making big gains, can you beat the system by bidding more than ₹2 lakh in the NII category? This does improve your chances of allotment, but does not guarantee a meaningful number of shares.

Given that NII portions of fancied IPOs also get heavily over-subscribed, investors who put in lower application sizes within NIIs again have to rely on a draw of lots. To bag assured NII allotment, your application size has to be really large.

For instance, to bag assured allotment in the Zomato IPO, the minimum NII bid you had to place was for 7990 shares or ₹6.07 lakh. But even these NIIs received allotment of just 233 shares. To get a meaningful allotment of Zomato shares worth ₹1 lakh, you needed to put in an application of over ₹40 lakh!

This IPO math in fact drives home an important lesson on wealth creation from equities. To make meaningful money, you don’t just need your stock to deliver blockbuster returns, you also need to own a meaningful position in it, in your portfolio. This is indeed why many seasoned investors prefer to skip the IPO allotment scramble and accumulate IPO companies, if they prove good businesses, well after listing.

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